八斑榆跳象对5种榆树叶片取食的行为反应及寄主植物活性挥发物分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.03.019

新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (3): 696-705.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.03.019

• 植物保护·土壤肥料·微生物 • 上一篇下一篇

八斑榆跳象对5种榆树叶片取食的行为反应及寄主植物活性挥发物分析

杨萌¹(), 路紫涵¹, 张雅¹, 薛小萌¹, 钟问¹, 彭泽明², 李勤¹()

1.新疆大学生命科学与技术学院/新疆生物资源基因工程重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830017
2.新疆木垒县林业和草原局,新疆木垒,831900

收稿日期:2024-08-11 出版日期:2025-03-20 发布日期:2025-05-14
通信作者: 李勤(1989-),女,新疆乌鲁木齐人,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为昆虫分类及害虫生物防治,(E-mail) liqptero@163.com
作者简介:杨萌(1998-),女,湖北十堰人,硕士研究生,研究方向为昆虫分类及害虫生物防治,(E-mail) 1564487085@qq.com
基金资助:
第三批“2+5”重点人才计划“天山英才”培养计划青年托举人才项目(RCTJ60);国家自然科学基金青年项目(31900349);新疆大学自治区大学生创新创业项目(S202110755108)

Behavioral responses of Orchestes steppensis to five species elm leaves and initial exploration of active volatiles of host plants

YANG Meng¹(), LU Zihan¹, ZHANG Ya¹, XUE Xiaomeng¹, ZHONG Wen¹, PENG Zeming², LI Qin¹()

1. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering/ College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China
2. Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Mulei County, Mulei Xinjiang 831900, China

Received:2024-08-11 Published:2025-03-20 Online:2025-05-14
Supported by:
Science and Technology Young Talents Trusteeship Project of Association for Science and Technology of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(RCTJ60);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31900349);2021 Xinjiang University Autonomous Region College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project(S202110755108)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究八斑榆跳象Orchestes steppensis成虫对白榆、垂枝榆、圆冠榆、长枝榆和裂叶榆5种榆树叶片的选择行为反应,并检测5种榆树叶片的挥发物成分,分析植物挥发物是否是造成八斑榆跳象对5种榆树取食偏好的原因。【方法】以空气作为空白对照的气味源,使用四臂嗅觉仪测定空气-白榆、空气-垂枝榆、空气-长枝榆、空气-圆冠榆和空气-裂叶榆的行为反应,使用四臂嗅觉仪测定八斑榆跳象对以上有选择的榆树叶片的行为反应,记录到达味源瓶的雌雄数量和时间,比较八斑榆跳象对5种榆树叶片的选择偏好,用固相微萃取法结合气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)检测该5种榆树叶片挥发物成分。【结果】八斑榆跳象对裂叶榆无选择行为,选择其余4种榆树,但存在选择偏好,首选白榆、其次为垂枝榆、再次为圆冠榆、最后为长枝榆。雌虫对白榆、垂枝榆、圆冠榆的选择数量均极显著高于雄性,而雌雄成虫对长枝榆的选择数量没有显著性差异。在反应时间上,八斑榆跳象雌虫到达长枝榆所需的时间最长,显著高于圆冠榆、白榆和垂枝榆;而雄虫到达长枝榆和圆冠榆所需的时间较长,显著高于白榆和垂枝榆。从5种榆树叶片挥发物中共鉴定出79种化合物,在白榆、垂枝榆、长枝榆、圆冠榆和裂叶榆叶片挥发物中分别检测出20、18、31、23和10种化合物。【结论】榆叶挥发物是造成八斑榆跳象对5种榆树取食偏好的原因。

关键词: 八斑榆跳象; 远距离定向选择; 取食偏好; 寄主植物挥发物; 榆树

Abstract:

【Objective】This study aims to investigate the selective behavioral response of Orchestes steppensis to five Ulmus (elm) leaf species and analyze the volatile composition of these leaves. The goal is to find out whether plant volatiles are responsible for the selection preference of O. steppensis for five species of elm. 【Methods】Air was used as a blank control odor source, and the behavioral responses of air-U. pumila, air-U. pumila L. cv. 'Tenue', air-U. davidiana ‘Changzhi’, air-U. densa, and air-U. laciniata were determined using a four-armed olfactometer. On this basis, the behavioral responses of O. steppensis to the above selected elm leaves were determined using a four-armed olfactometer, and the number of males and females arriving at the odor source vials and the time of arrival were recorded to compare the selective preferences of O. steppensis for the leaves of the five species of elm. The volatile components of the five species of elm leaves were detected by solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.【Results】O. steppensis showed no selective behavior for U. laciniata and chose the remaining four elm species, but there was a selective preference, preferring U. pumila, followed by U. pumila L. cv. 'Tenue', then U. densa, and finally U. davidiana. The number of choices made by females for U. pumila, U. pumila L. cv. 'Tenue', and U. densa were all highly significantly higher than those made by males, while there was no significant difference between the number of choices made by male and female adults for U. davidiana. In terms of reaction time, O. steppensis females took the longest time to reach U. davidiana, which was significantly higher than those of U. densa, U. pumila, and U. pumila L. cv. 'Tenue', while males took longer time to reach U. davidiana and U. densa, which was significantly higher than that of U. pumila and U. pumila L. cv. 'Tenue'. The results of the GC-MS analyses showed that a total of 79 compounds were identified from five elm leaf volatiles, and 20, 18, 31, 23 and 10 compounds were detected respectively in U. pumila, U. pumila L. cv. 'Tenue', U. davidiana, U. densa, and U. laciniata leaf volatiles. 【Conclusion】Elm leaf volatiles are responsible for O. steppensis feeding preferences on five species of elm.

Key words: Orchestes steppensis; Ulmus; remote directional selection; favorite hosts; host plant volatiles

中图分类号:

S432

杨萌, 路紫涵, 张雅, 薛小萌, 钟问, 彭泽明, 李勤. 八斑榆跳象对5种榆树叶片取食的行为反应及寄主植物活性挥发物分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(3): 696-705.

YANG Meng, LU Zihan, ZHANG Ya, XUE Xiaomeng, ZHONG Wen, PENG Zeming, LI Qin. Behavioral responses of Orchestes steppensis to five species elm leaves and initial exploration of active volatiles of host plants[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(3): 696-705.

图/表 4

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	成虫性别 Adult sex	植物种类Plant species
	成虫性别 Adult sex	白榆 U.pumila	垂枝榆 U.pumila L.cv.'Tenue'	长枝榆 U.davidiana	圆冠榆 U.densa	裂叶榆 U.laciniata
试验组 Test group	雌	159.62±15.18	204.88±2.41^*	195.1±23.42	207.35±17.34	356.72±14.59
试验组 Test group	雄	147.13±11.95	111.42±4.65	215.2±3.53	194.89±15.71	348.28±37.04
对照组 Control group	雌	144.04±10.33	210.19±5.46	205.8±14.04	187.24±9.54	354.3±18.95
对照组 Control group	雄	184.61±23.79	141.48±6.95	211.4±12.57	203.33±25.74	354.56±12.09

	成虫性别 Adult sex	植物种类Plant species
	成虫性别 Adult sex	白榆 U.pumila	垂枝榆 U.pumila L.cv.'Tenue'	长枝榆 U.davidiana	圆冠榆 U.densa	裂叶榆 U.laciniata
试验组 Test group	雌	159.62±15.18	204.88±2.41^*	195.1±23.42	207.35±17.34	356.72±14.59
试验组 Test group	雄	147.13±11.95	111.42±4.65	215.2±3.53	194.89±15.71	348.28±37.04
对照组 Control group	雌	144.04±10.33	210.19±5.46	205.8±14.04	187.24±9.54	354.3±18.95
对照组 Control group	雄	184.61±23.79	141.48±6.95	211.4±12.57	203.33±25.74	354.56±12.09

分类 Classify	序号 Code	化合物 Compound	CAS	白榆 U.pumila	垂枝榆 U.pumila L.cv. 'Tenue'	长枝榆 U.davi diana	圆冠榆 U.densa	裂叶榆 U.laciniata
酸 Acid	1	4-(2,6,6-三甲基- 1-环己烯基)-丁酸		-	+	-	-	-
	2	苯基丁二酸	635-51-8	-	-	-	-	+
	3	醋酸	64-19-7	-	-	-	+	-
	4	肉豆蔻酸	544-63-8	+	+	-	+	-
	5	十五烷酸	1002-84-2	-	-	-	+	-
	6	棕榈酸	1957-10-3	+	+	-	-	-
酯 Ester	7	(E)-3-己烯-1-醇乙酸酯	3681-82-1	-	-	-	+	-
	8	4-己烯-1-醇乙酸酯	42125-34-8	-	-	+	+	+
	9	4-己烯-1-己酸酯		-	-	-	+	-
	10	草酸丁丙酯		-	-	-	+	-
	11	草酸戊基丙酯		-	-	-	-	+
	12	邻苯二甲酸二甲酯	131-11-3	-	+	-	-	-
	13	顺式-3-己烯醇甲酸酯	33467-73-1	-	-	-	+	-
	14	乙酸叶醇酯	3681-71-8	+	-	-	+	-
	15	乙酸乙酯	141-78-6	-	-	+	-	-
	16	正丁酸乙烯酯	123-20-6	+	-	-	-	-
醛Aldehyde	17	2-已烯醛	6728-26-3	-	+	-	-	-
酮Ketone	18	环丙基乙基甲酮	6704-19-4	-	-	-	+	-
酮Ketone	19	2,2,3-三甲基环丁酮	1449-49-6	-	-	-	+	-
醇Alcohol	20	2-乙基己醇	104-76-7	-	-	+	-	-
	21	(E)-4-己烯-1-醇	928-92-7	-	-	-	+	-
	22	甲醇	67-56-1	-	-	+	-	-
醚Ether	23	二甲醚	115-10-6	-	+	-	+	-
萜类 Terpenoids	24	(E)-2-甲基戊二烯	926-54-5	+	-	-	-	-
	25	莰烯	79-92-5	+	-	-	-	-
	26	双环[3.2.0]庚-2,6-二烯	2422-86-8	-	-	+	-	-
	27	双戊烯	138-86-3	+	-	-	-	-
芳香族 Aromatic family	28	1,2-二氢萘		-	-	+	-	-
	29	1-亚甲基-1H-茚	2471-84-3	+	-	-	-	-
	30	苯甲醛	100-52-7	-	-	-	-	+
	31	苯甲酸	65-85-0	+	+	-	+	-
	32	甲苯	108-88-3	-	-	+	-	-
	33	间二甲苯	108-38-3	-	-	+	-	-
	34	邻二甲苯	95-47-6	-	-	+	-	-
	35	萘	91-20-3	+	+	-	-	+
不饱和烃 Unsaturated hydrocarbon	36	(Z),(Z)-2,4-己二烯	6108-61-8	-	-	-	+	-
	37	1-十六烯	629-73-2	-	+	+	-	-
	38	2,4-已二烯	5194-51-4	-	+	-	+	-
不饱和烃 Unsaturated hydrocarbon	39	4-甲基-1,3-戊二烯	926-56-7	+	-	-	+	-
	40	4-甲基-2-戊炔	926-56-7	-	-	-	+	-
	41	奥苷菊环	275-51-4	-	+	-	-	-
	42	十七烯	6765-39-5	-	-	-	+	-
饱和烃 Saturated hydrocarbon	43	2-(氯甲基)-1-甲基- 1H-咪唑盐酸盐	1002-43-3	-	-	+	-	-
	44	2,2,3,4-四甲基戊烷	1186-53-4	+	-	+	-	-
	45	2,2,3-三甲基戊烷	564-02-3	+	-	-	-	-
	46	2,2,4,4-四甲基辛烷	62183-79-3	+	-	-	+	-
	47	2,2,4-三甲基庚烷	14720-74-2	-	-	-	-	+
	48	2,2,4-三甲基戊烷	540-84-1	-	+	-	-	-
	49	2,2,5,5-四甲基己烷	1071-81-4	-	-	-	-	+
	50	2,2-二甲基癸烷	17302-37-3	+	-	-	-	-
	51	2,2-二甲基己烷	590-73-8	-	-	-	+	-
	52	2,2-二甲基十四烷	59222-86-5	-	+	-	-	-
	53	2,3,3-三甲基戊烷	560-21-4	-	+	-	+	-
	54	2,3,3-三甲基辛烷	62016-30-2	-	-	+	-	-
	55	2,4,6-三甲基辛烷	62016-37-9	-	-	+	-	-
	56	2,5,5-三甲基庚烷	1189-99-7	-	-	+	-	-
	57	2,7-二甲基辛烷	1072-16-8	-	-	+	-	-
	58	2,8-二甲基十一烷	17301-25-6	-	-	+	-	-
	59	2-甲基癸烷	6975-98-0	-	-	+	-	-
	60	2-甲基十三烷	1560-96-9	-	-	+	-	-
	61	2-甲基辛烷	3221-61-2	+	-	-	-	-
	62	3,3-二甲基戊烷	562-49-2	-	-	+	-	+
	63	3,3-二甲基已烷	563-16-6	-	-	+	-	-
	64	3-甲基癸烷	13151-34-3	-	-	+	-	-
	65	3-甲基-十二烷	17312-57-1	-	-	+	-	-
	66	4,4-二甲基十一烷	17312-68-4	-	-	+	-	-
	67	4,6-二甲基十二烷	61141-72-8	-	-	+	-	-
	68	4,7-二甲基十一烷	17301-32-5	-	+	-	-	-
	69	4-甲基十二烷	6117-97-1	-	-	+	-	-
	70	5-甲基十一烷	1632-70-8	-	-	+	-	-
	71	5-乙基-2-甲基庚烷	13475-78-0	-	-	-	-	+
	72	5-乙基癸烷		-	-	+	-	-
	73	丙基环丙烷	2415-72-7	-	-	-	-	+
	74	癸烷	124-18-5	+	+	-	+	-
	75	十二烷	112-40-3	-	+	+	-	-
	76	十三烷	629-50-5	-	-	+	-	-
分类 Classify	序号 code	化合物 compound	CAS	白榆 U.pumila	垂枝榆 U.pumila L.cv. 'Tenue'	长枝榆 U.davi diana	圆冠榆 U.densa	裂叶榆 U.laciniata
饱和烃 Saturated hydrocarbon	77	十四烷	629-59-4	+	+	+	-	-
	78	亚甲基环戊烷	1528-30-9	+	-	-	-	-
	79	正己烷	110-54-3	+	-	-	-	-

分类 Classify	序号 Code	化合物 Compound	CAS	白榆 U.pumila	垂枝榆 U.pumila L.cv. 'Tenue'	长枝榆 U.davi diana	圆冠榆 U.densa	裂叶榆 U.laciniata
酸 Acid	1	4-(2,6,6-三甲基- 1-环己烯基)-丁酸		-	+	-	-	-
	2	苯基丁二酸	635-51-8	-	-	-	-	+
	3	醋酸	64-19-7	-	-	-	+	-
	4	肉豆蔻酸	544-63-8	+	+	-	+	-
	5	十五烷酸	1002-84-2	-	-	-	+	-
	6	棕榈酸	1957-10-3	+	+	-	-	-
酯 Ester	7	(E)-3-己烯-1-醇乙酸酯	3681-82-1	-	-	-	+	-
	8	4-己烯-1-醇乙酸酯	42125-34-8	-	-	+	+	+
	9	4-己烯-1-己酸酯		-	-	-	+	-
	10	草酸丁丙酯		-	-	-	+	-
	11	草酸戊基丙酯		-	-	-	-	+
	12	邻苯二甲酸二甲酯	131-11-3	-	+	-	-	-
	13	顺式-3-己烯醇甲酸酯	33467-73-1	-	-	-	+	-
	14	乙酸叶醇酯	3681-71-8	+	-	-	+	-
	15	乙酸乙酯	141-78-6	-	-	+	-	-
	16	正丁酸乙烯酯	123-20-6	+	-	-	-	-
醛Aldehyde	17	2-已烯醛	6728-26-3	-	+	-	-	-
酮Ketone	18	环丙基乙基甲酮	6704-19-4	-	-	-	+	-
酮Ketone	19	2,2,3-三甲基环丁酮	1449-49-6	-	-	-	+	-
醇Alcohol	20	2-乙基己醇	104-76-7	-	-	+	-	-
	21	(E)-4-己烯-1-醇	928-92-7	-	-	-	+	-
	22	甲醇	67-56-1	-	-	+	-	-
醚Ether	23	二甲醚	115-10-6	-	+	-	+	-
萜类 Terpenoids	24	(E)-2-甲基戊二烯	926-54-5	+	-	-	-	-
	25	莰烯	79-92-5	+	-	-	-	-
	26	双环[3.2.0]庚-2,6-二烯	2422-86-8	-	-	+	-	-
	27	双戊烯	138-86-3	+	-	-	-	-
芳香族 Aromatic family	28	1,2-二氢萘		-	-	+	-	-
	29	1-亚甲基-1H-茚	2471-84-3	+	-	-	-	-
	30	苯甲醛	100-52-7	-	-	-	-	+
	31	苯甲酸	65-85-0	+	+	-	+	-
	32	甲苯	108-88-3	-	-	+	-	-
	33	间二甲苯	108-38-3	-	-	+	-	-
	34	邻二甲苯	95-47-6	-	-	+	-	-
	35	萘	91-20-3	+	+	-	-	+
不饱和烃 Unsaturated hydrocarbon	36	(Z),(Z)-2,4-己二烯	6108-61-8	-	-	-	+	-
	37	1-十六烯	629-73-2	-	+	+	-	-
	38	2,4-已二烯	5194-51-4	-	+	-	+	-
不饱和烃 Unsaturated hydrocarbon	39	4-甲基-1,3-戊二烯	926-56-7	+	-	-	+	-
	40	4-甲基-2-戊炔	926-56-7	-	-	-	+	-
	41	奥苷菊环	275-51-4	-	+	-	-	-
	42	十七烯	6765-39-5	-	-	-	+	-
饱和烃 Saturated hydrocarbon	43	2-(氯甲基)-1-甲基- 1H-咪唑盐酸盐	1002-43-3	-	-	+	-	-
	44	2,2,3,4-四甲基戊烷	1186-53-4	+	-	+	-	-
	45	2,2,3-三甲基戊烷	564-02-3	+	-	-	-	-
	46	2,2,4,4-四甲基辛烷	62183-79-3	+	-	-	+	-
	47	2,2,4-三甲基庚烷	14720-74-2	-	-	-	-	+
	48	2,2,4-三甲基戊烷	540-84-1	-	+	-	-	-
	49	2,2,5,5-四甲基己烷	1071-81-4	-	-	-	-	+
	50	2,2-二甲基癸烷	17302-37-3	+	-	-	-	-
	51	2,2-二甲基己烷	590-73-8	-	-	-	+	-
	52	2,2-二甲基十四烷	59222-86-5	-	+	-	-	-
	53	2,3,3-三甲基戊烷	560-21-4	-	+	-	+	-
	54	2,3,3-三甲基辛烷	62016-30-2	-	-	+	-	-
	55	2,4,6-三甲基辛烷	62016-37-9	-	-	+	-	-
	56	2,5,5-三甲基庚烷	1189-99-7	-	-	+	-	-
	57	2,7-二甲基辛烷	1072-16-8	-	-	+	-	-
	58	2,8-二甲基十一烷	17301-25-6	-	-	+	-	-
	59	2-甲基癸烷	6975-98-0	-	-	+	-	-
	60	2-甲基十三烷	1560-96-9	-	-	+	-	-
	61	2-甲基辛烷	3221-61-2	+	-	-	-	-
	62	3,3-二甲基戊烷	562-49-2	-	-	+	-	+
	63	3,3-二甲基已烷	563-16-6	-	-	+	-	-
	64	3-甲基癸烷	13151-34-3	-	-	+	-	-
	65	3-甲基-十二烷	17312-57-1	-	-	+	-	-
	66	4,4-二甲基十一烷	17312-68-4	-	-	+	-	-
	67	4,6-二甲基十二烷	61141-72-8	-	-	+	-	-
	68	4,7-二甲基十一烷	17301-32-5	-	+	-	-	-
	69	4-甲基十二烷	6117-97-1	-	-	+	-	-
	70	5-甲基十一烷	1632-70-8	-	-	+	-	-
	71	5-乙基-2-甲基庚烷	13475-78-0	-	-	-	-	+
	72	5-乙基癸烷		-	-	+	-	-
	73	丙基环丙烷	2415-72-7	-	-	-	-	+
	74	癸烷	124-18-5	+	+	-	+	-
	75	十二烷	112-40-3	-	+	+	-	-
	76	十三烷	629-50-5	-	-	+	-	-
分类 Classify	序号 code	化合物 compound	CAS	白榆 U.pumila	垂枝榆 U.pumila L.cv. 'Tenue'	长枝榆 U.davi diana	圆冠榆 U.densa	裂叶榆 U.laciniata
饱和烃 Saturated hydrocarbon	77	十四烷	629-59-4	+	+	+	-	-
	78	亚甲基环戊烷	1528-30-9	+	-	-	-	-
	79	正己烷	110-54-3	+	-	-	-	-

八斑榆跳象对5种榆树叶片取食的行为反应及寄主植物活性挥发物分析

Behavioral responses of Orchestes steppensis to five species elm leaves and initial exploration of active volatiles of host plants

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