Abstract: With the socio-economic development, extensive use of modern production technique and the implement of new land contract and forestry policies, the cropland shelter belt system set up during 1960s - 1970s in Manass River Valley, even Xinjiang, needs to be changed in ideas and production techniques and to build new system of shelter forest and adapt to the new rural area construction. Exploiting new water and soil resources, improving water and soil use efficiency and digging up the potential of water and soil are important to develop modern forest production. The common feature of building new shelter belt system in different areas with extra emphasis on different facets of forestry is to combine ecologic benefit, economic benefi and social benefit into one. It fully gives expression to the common requirement of modern oasis forestry and modern agriculture. And it is also propitious to promote the modernlization of agriculture, new rural area construction and restoration and reconstruction of desertification ecosystem.