Objective To reveal the effects of water and nitrogen coupling under drip irrigation on soil microbial communities, soil samples from a Korla fragrant pear orchard were used as research object. The effects of water and nitrogen coupling and their interaction on soil microbial community structure, as well as the main driving factors of community variation,were investigated.
Methods By regulating the input of water and nitrogen, the differences in soil microbial indicators under different water-nitrogen coupling conditions were analyzed, and the changing trends of soil moisture content, electrical conductivity, pH and total nitrogen were also analyzed to explore the extent to which environmental factors affect soil microbial diversity.
Results The relative abundance of Ascomycota in soil fungi was above 69%(minimum) and dominated the fungal community.The dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadota and Actinobacteria, accounting for more than 63% of the bacterial community. The Alpha diversity of soil fungi was significantly lower than that of bacteria, and bacteria were more diverse.The response of fungi and bacteria to water-nitrogen coupling differed. Soil water content and pH were the key driving factors shaping both bacterial and fungal community structures (P<0.05).
Conclusion Principal component analysis showed that increasing irrigation amount and reducing nitrogen application rate were benefical to improve the soil environment of typical early-fruiting Korla fragrant pear trees.
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