Objective Confectionery sunflower is one of the important cash crops in the cool regions of Xinjiang. In recent years, severe rust spots on sunflower seeds have significantly reduced its commercial quality. The occurrence of seed rust spots is mainly related to the feeding behavior of Frankliniella occidentalis during the flowering stage. This study aimed to investigate the control efficacy of different insecticides against F. occidentalis in confectionery sunflower, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the control of seed rust spots.
Methods Different insecticides were applied at the budding and flowering stages of confectionery sunflower, respectively. The population base, control efficacy of F. occidentalis and the change of 100-seed weight were measured at 3 and 5 days after spraying.
Results Spraying 5% emamectin benzoate at the budding stage showed the best control efficacy against F. occidentalis, with the control efficacy above 60% at both 3 and 5 days after treatment. Meanwhile, this insecticide increased the 100-seed weight by 53.64% compared with the control, and the seed rust spot grade was 1. The population reduction rate and control efficacy at 3 and 5 days after application showed good persistence, which increased the 100-seed weight by 46.65% compared with the control, and the seed rust spot grade was 0 - 1.
Conclusion Spraying 5% emamectin benzoate at the budding stage, and 60 g/L spinetoram or 10% spinosad at the flowering stage has good control efficacy against F. occidentalis in confectionery sunflower. This experiment can provide green and safe chemical control technologies targeting F. occidentalis for the control of sunflower seed rust spots, and provide scientific basis and technical support for the healthy and sustainable development of Xinjiang confectionery sunflower industry.
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