Objective This study aimed to construct DNA fingerprints of the certified variety Yuanmian 8 and four self-bred Gossypium hirsutum varieties using simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers, and to analyze their genetic diversity.
Methods Sixty-four pairs of screened core primers were used for SSR molecular marker detection on Yuanmian 8 and four self-bred upland cotton varieties from Xinjiang. DNA fingerprints were constructed and genetic diversity was analyzed.
Results A total of 88 polymorphic bands were amplified by 64 polymorphic SSR primers across the five cotton varieties (lines). The observed number of alleles (Na) was 128. The Shannon’s information index (I) per locus ranged from 0.5004 to 0.6730, and the average Nei’s gene diversity index (H) was 0.4375. Genetic diversity analysis showed that the genetic similarity coefficient between Yuanmian 8 and Yuanmian 1278 was the highest, while that between Yuanmian 8 and Yuanmian 1280 was the lowest. The genetic distance among the five germplasm materials ranged from 0.3730 to 0.8133, indicating a low level of overall genetic diversity. Exclusive QR codes were generated based on the fingerprint information of the five cotton varieties constructed by SSR markers, which could effectively distinguish different cotton varieties.
Conclusion The five Xinjiang upland cotton germplasm resources represented by Yuanmian 8 exhibit low genetic diversity. The SSR fingerprints and QR codes constructed in this study can be used for variety identification of cotton.
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