Study on Genetic Diversity and Probability Grading of Quantitative Traits in Stones of Native Almond Germplasm Resources in Xinjiang

【Objective】 To explore the genetic variation and grading the probability of major quantitative traits in the stones of the native almond germplasm resource in Xinjiang with a view to providing an important reference basis for the genetic improvement and breeding of high-quality new varieties of almond in Xinjiang. 【Methods】 In this research the collected 90 native local germplasm resources in Xinjiang were used for phenotypic analysis. The analyzed traits included weight of single stone, vertical/transverse/lateral diameter of stone, shape index of stone, fruit carapace thickness, single kernel weight, vertical/transverse/lateral diameter of kernel, shape index of kernel and rate of nucleolus. 【Results】 (1) The variation coefficients of all of these 12 quantitative traits were above 10% among 90 native almond germplasm resources, and the variation coefficients of the four major indexes closely were related to the economic character, namely, weight of single stone and fruit carapace thickness, the quantitative traits of native almonds were mutually restricted and influenced, among which weight of single stone, fruit carapace thickness, the single kernel weight and rate of nucleolus were single kernel weight and rate of nucleolus, reaching 45.16%, 48.14%, 33.20% and 36.02%, respectively. (2) All of 12 traits in 90 native almond germplasm resources were normally distributed, and were divided into 5 grades according to probability statistical method. (3)The significantly correlated with each other. 【Conclusion】 The genetic diversity of local almond germplasm resources in Xinjiang is abundant, and the probability classification accords with the germplasm characteristics.