Differences in Population Dynamics, Dry Matter Accumulation and Distribution of High-Yield Winter Wheat

【Objective】 To study the differences of population dynamics and dry matter accumulation characteristics of different varieties in southern Xinjiang in the hope of providing a theoretical basis for the selection of high-yield varieties and the management of wheat cultivation in southern Xinjiang. 【Methods】 Under field conditions, Xindong 20, Xindong 40, Xindong 57 and Xindong 60 were used as experimental materials to study the population dynamics, dry matter accumulation, transport, distribution and yield differences of the 4 varieties. 【Results】 The total stem number in the growth period of Xindong 40 and Xindong 20 was higher, but the tillering yield was lower. Xindong 60 had fewer tillers, higher tiller rate and stronger individual, which was conducive to the formation of large panicles. The dry matter accumulation was higher in the mature period of Xindong 60, and the distribution rate to grains was significantly higher than that of other varieties. The transfer volume of dry matter stored in vegetative organs to grains and its contribution rate to grains were higher after flowering. The contribution rate of dry matter to grains was 79% after flowering, which laid a foundation for higher yield. The number of panicles harvested from Xindong 40 and Xindong 20 were higher than those of Xindong 60 and Xindong 57, the number of grain per ear of new winter 60 was significantly higher than that of other varieties. 1,000-grain weight showed as Xindong 57 >Xindong 60 and Xindong 40>Xindong 20, the yield and grain volume weight of Xindong 60 were higher than those of other varieties. 【Conclusion】 Xindong 60 has fewer tillers and higher heading rate and the transfer volume of dry matter stored in vegetative organs to grains and its contribution rate to grains are higher after flowering; The dry matter accumulation and grain distribution rate in mature period are higher, thus obtaining higher number of grains per ear; The factors of production composition are more coordinated, and finally high yield is obtained.