Discussion on the Principle of Selecting Spatial Characteristic Parameters of Solar Greenhouse Morphology with Low Energy Consumption

【Objective】 To build solar greenhouses with low energy consumption, thus improving the passive utilization rate of solar energy from off-season vegetable production and other plants production in the key growth period and reducing the demand for heating in greenhouses.【Method】Based on the theory of building thermal design and building simulation analysis method, this project studied the influence of building space shape characteristic parameters on greenhouse light and heat environment construction. Combined with the architectural characteristics of solar greenhouse, and the characteristics of off-season vegetable crop production process of light and thermal environment requirement characteristics, the design conditions of spatial morphological parameters of solar greenhouse with low energy consumption were given.【Result】The results showed that the the height span ratio of solar greenhouse in the same area was affected by the change of span, only associated with changes in local outdoor air temperature and solar radiation intensity. During Dashu to Xiaoman of the next year, the horizontal projection length of the rear roof did not affect the solar illumination of the vegetable crops in rear rows in the solar greenhouses. To ensure that the northern wall receive solar light during the Winter Solstice's day to Greater Cold's day had an important influence on the solar energy utilization in solar greenhouse during the off-season vegetable crop production period in winter.【Conclusion】Based on this design principle, the accumulative heat load of optimal design greenhouse is less 15.7% than the existing greenhouse in Beijing. The research results can provide important design basis and method reference for the optimization design key parameters of low energy consumption solar greenhouse morphology.