基于代谢组学分析补喂发酵豆粕对伊犁马驹粪便代谢物的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.11.026

新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (11): 2800-2807.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.11.026

• 马运动生理与健康养殖 • 上一篇下一篇

基于代谢组学分析补喂发酵豆粕对伊犁马驹粪便代谢物的影响

钟浩杰¹(), 姚新奎¹^,²(), 罗鹏辉³, 孟军¹^,², 姚岳扬¹, 王川坤¹, 任万路¹

1.新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆马繁育与运动生理重点实验室/新疆农业大学马产业研究院,乌鲁木齐 830052
3.新疆维吾尔自治区畜牧总站,乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2022-01-11 出版日期:2022-11-20 发布日期:2022-12-28
通信作者: 姚新奎
作者简介:钟浩杰(1996-),男,陕西延安人,硕士,研究方向为动物生产,(E-mail)zhonghaojie@126.com
基金资助:
自治区创新环境(人才、基地)建设专项(PT2220);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A02007-1)

Effects of Supplemental Fermented Soybean Meal on Fecal Metabolites in Yili Foal Based on Metabolomics Analysis

ZHONG Haojie¹(), YAO Xinkui¹^,²(), LUO Penghui³, MENG Jun¹^,², YAO Yueyang¹, WANG Chuankun¹, REN Wanlu¹

1. College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Equine Breeding and Exercise Physiology/Institute of Horse Industry, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
3. Xinjiang Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture Animal Husbandry Station,Yining Xinjiang 835000,China

Received:2022-01-11 Online:2022-11-20 Published:2022-12-28
Correspondence author: YAO Xinkui
Supported by:
The Innovation Environment (Talent, Base) Construction Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(PT2220);Major science and technology projects of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022A02007-1)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究补喂发酵豆粕对伊犁马驹粪便代谢物的影响,分析发酵豆粕在伊犁马驹专用饲料研发中的应用效果,为伊犁马驹专用饲料研发以及消化系统健康提供理论依据。【方法】选取15匹体况相近、无消化系统疾病病史的12月龄伊犁马驹,随机分为3组,每组5匹马。对照组、试验I组和试验II组分别在干草和普通精饲料的基础上添加5％的普通豆粕、2.5％普通豆粕＋2.5％发酵豆粕和5％的发酵豆粕。预饲7 d,试验期为56 d。【结果】共筛选出9种显著性差异代谢物,试验组甜菜碱、果糖基甘氨酸、甘露醇和烟酸显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。主要富集到烟酸、甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢以及ABC转运蛋白等通路。【结论】补喂发酵豆粕能够调节伊犁马驹碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪和氨基酸代谢,并且具有抗氧化、抗炎、缓解应激、调节渗透压等多种生物学功能。

关键词: 伊犁马驹; 发酵豆粕; 粪便代谢物

Abstract:

【Objective】 The purpose of this experiment is to study the effect of supplementing fermented soybean meal on fecal metabolites of Yili foal, so as to explore the application effect of fermented soybean meal in the research and development of special feed for Yili foal, and for the development and digestion of special feed for Yili foal. System health provides a theoretical basis.【Methods】 In this experiment, 15 12-month-old Yili foals with similar body condition and no history of digestive system diseases were selected and randomly divided into three groups with 5 horses in each group. The control group, the test group I and the test group II were supplemented with 5％ ordinary soybean meal, 2.5％ ordinary soybean meal ＋ 2.5％ fermented soybean meal and 5％ fermented soybean meal on the basis of hay and ordinary concentrated feed, respectively. The animals were pre-fed for 7 days, and the experimental period was 56 days.【Results】 A total of 9 metabolites with significant differences were screened out, and betaine, fructosylglycine, mannitol and niacin in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). KEGG pathway analysis, mainly enriched in niacin, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism and ABC transporters and other pathways.【Conclusion】 Supplemental feeding of fermented soybean meal can regulate the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, fats and amino acids in Yili foals, and has various biological functions such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, stress relief, and osmotic pressure regulation, which is of positive significance for horse health.

Key words: Yili foal; fermented soybean meal; metabolism of feces

中图分类号:

S821.9

钟浩杰, 姚新奎, 罗鹏辉, 孟军, 姚岳扬, 王川坤, 任万路. 基于代谢组学分析补喂发酵豆粕对伊犁马驹粪便代谢物的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(11): 2800-2807.

ZHONG Haojie, YAO Xinkui, LUO Penghui, MENG Jun, YAO Yueyang, WANG Chuankun, REN Wanlu. Effects of Supplemental Fermented Soybean Meal on Fecal Metabolites in Yili Foal Based on Metabolomics Analysis[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(11): 2800-2807.

图/表 10

表1 试验日粮组成及营养水平

Table 1 Dietary composition and nutritional level of the control group

项目 Items		对照组 Control group	试验组 Experimental group
原料 Ingredients (％)	玉米	25.0	25.0
	豆粕	5.00	0.00
	发酵豆粕	0.00	5.00
	燕麦	26.00	26.00
	大麦	33.0	33.0
	清油	3.00	3.00
	糖蜜	3.00	3.00
	预混料¹	5.00	5.00
	合计	100.00	100.00
营养水平 Nutrient levels	消化能DE/(MJ/kg)	14.62	14.00
	粗蛋白质	10.96	11.21
	粗脂肪	6.29	6.19
	钙	0.49	0.50
	磷	0.26	0.27

图1 QC样本TIC图谱

Fig.1 TIC profile of QC samples

图2 正(a)、负(b)离子模式 PCA 得分比较 a:对照组Control group b:试验组Experimental group

Fig.2 PCA scores of positive (a) and negative (b) ion modes

表2 OPLS-DA模型评价参数

Table 2 Evaluation parameters of OPLS-DA models

电离模式 Ionization	项目 Items	组别 GroupB-A
POS	R²Y Q²	0.931 0.479
NEG	R²Y Q²	0.936 0.472

图3 正(a)、负(b)离子模式OPLS-DA得分比较 a:对照组Control group b:试验组Experimental group

Fig.3 OPLS-DA scores of positive (a) and negative (b) ion modes

图4 正(a)、负(b)离子模式OPLS-DA得分比较

Fig.4 OPLS-DA scores of positive (a) and negative (b) ion modes

图5 正(a)、负(b)离子模式火山对比

Fig.5 The volcano figure of positive (a) and negative (b) ion modes

表3 试验组与对照组之间显著性差异代谢物

Table 3 Metabolites of significant difference between Experimental group and control group

代谢物名称 Metabolite name	变量投影重要度 VIP	P值 P-Value	趋势 Trent
高香草酸Homovanillic acid	1.74	<0.01	↓
丙酮酸Pyruvic acid	1.83	<0.02	↓
果糖基甘氨酸Fructosylglycine	1.36	<0.03	↑
甜菜碱Betaine	1.70	<0.02	↑
甘露醇Mannitol	1.68	<0.03	↑
苯乙醇Phenylethyl alcohol	1.52	<0.03	↓
烟酸Nicotinic acid	1.59	<0.03	↓
对羟基苯乙醇Tyrosol	1.72	<0.02	↓
烟酸Nicotinic acid	1.59	<0.03	↑

图6 正(a)、负(b)离子模式聚类热图

Fig.6 Hierarchical cluster results of of positive (a) and negative (b) ion modes

图7 试验组与对照组粪便代谢通路

Fig.7 Analysis of fecal metabolic pathways in Experimental group and control group

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基于代谢组学分析补喂发酵豆粕对伊犁马驹粪便代谢物的影响

Effects of Supplemental Fermented Soybean Meal on Fecal Metabolites in Yili Foal Based on Metabolomics Analysis

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