Abstract: [Objective] To research the mechanism of cotton growth and development with different aeration methods.[Method]The effects of different aeration methods on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of cotton were analyzed.(CK, CO and Po represent conventional drip irrigation, chemical aeration and physical aeration, respectively.)[Result]The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate of cotton increased by 35.42;, 31.60;, 172.19; and 155.61;, 21.27; , 16.86;, 49.54; and 47.52;, respectively under PO and CO treatments.The order of PN integral value of cotton was PO (93.17) > CO (87.03) > CK (56.09).The root fresh weight and root dry weight under CO and PO treatments increased by 20.7;, 40.76;, 9.5; and 37.7;, respectively, compared with CK.Stem fresh weight, stem dry weight, leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, bud fresh weight and bud dry weight were increased by 37.9;, 90.1; 30.4;, 96.3;, 50.3; and 103.1; compared with CK under CO treatment, 58.8;, 102.9;,-38.8;, 92.9;, 29.5; and, 106.9;, respectively compared with CK under PO treatment.The number of cotton boll was significantly increased by 29.5; and 53.3; respectively under CK and PO treatment compared with CK.Cotton boll weight, fiber weight, seed weight and lint percentage were increased by 19.3; ,26.7;, 13.4; and 22;, 23;, 29.8;,-4.5; and-3.3;, and the yield were increased by 54; and 93.1; under CO and PO treatments.[Conclusion]In summary, physical oxygen enrichment and drip irrigation are beneficial for photosynthesis and yield increase of Gossypium spp.and chemical oxygen enrichment is beneficial to the accumulation of aboveground biomass and underground biomass in Anningqu.