Abstract: Objective]The objective of this experiment is to study the genetic structure and invasive route of L.oryzophilus in the hope of providing references that might be important for accurate monitoring and effective control of rice weevils.[Method]The L.oryzophilus were collected from 7 different geographic popu-lations of 105 individual from Xinjiang and north typical rice planting areas in China which was analyzed by u-sing the RAPD molecular markers in order to investigate the genetic diversity of the populations.[Result]7 good polymorphic RAPD primers that was finally-screened from 28 the random primers produced a total of 139 bands,of which 98 were polymorphic.The Polymorphism loci percentage(PPB)was 70.5;.The genet-ic diversity of the XJYNQ -apqal populations was the lowest (PPB:46.76;,H:0.210,6,I:0.323,9), while HLJAC was the highest (PPB:62.58 ;,H:0.300,6,I:0.445,0)The coefficient of genetic differentia-tion among populations Gst was 0.199,5,including 19.95;genetic variation partitioned among populations, 80.05; within populations.It was showed higher levels of genetic differentiation between different geographic populations.7 geographical populations of UPGMA clustering results showed that:Tangshan City in Hebei Provice,Gongzhuling in Jilin Province,Hebei City,the geographical population is a priority,which indicated the close genetic relationship.Followed by are Acheng City in Heilongjiang Provice and Qapqal and Huocheng County in Yili area.These places completed the first cluster,while the other populations in Wujiaqu city and Midong district constituted the second cluster.[Conclusion]The richness of genetic diversity of the L.oryzo-philus different geographic populations is different and have genetic difference in China.The rice water weevil, L.oryzophilus Kuschel in the ecological regions of oasis in Xin-jiang were probably invaded from Northeast rice planting areas in China in the course of introduction,such as straws and traffic tools by the people.