Abstract: [Objective] The major purpose of the study is to make sure the distribution of stripe rust-resistant genes Yr10 and 1BL/1RS translocation in wheat cultivars or breeding lines in Xinjiang.[Method]Forty six wheat cultivars and breeding lines collected from Xinjiang wheat areas were tested by using molecular markers of stripe rust-resistant genes Yr10 and 1BL/1RS translocation.[Result]Yr10 was only detected in Xindong No.17 and 1BL/1RS was detected in Xindong No.24,Xindong No.46,MJ307,HMJ555,1112,Xinzi No.1,983-S,Xinmai 211 and Xinmai 23,which accounted for 19.57;among the total testing materials.[Conclusion]The distribution of Yr10 which demonstrates good resistance to CYR32 is low in Xinjiang wheat region cultivars,and Xindong No.17 which may contain Yr10 has certain value in breeding disease resistance materials,which shows that the distribution frequency of 1BL/1RS translocation should be reduced when breeding new varieties.