Abstract: 【Objective】 In order to compare the effects of different fertilization on the yield and quality of Lycium barbarum L. and physicochemical properties of soil, a field experiment was conducted. 【Method】 Four treatments including chemical fertilizer(CK), 50% chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer(T1), 50% chemical fertilizer combined with S13 bio-organic fertilizer and 50% chemical fertilizer combined with NCD-2 bio-organic fertilizer(T3) were carried out. The yield and quality of Lycium barbarum L. and physicochemical properties as well as microbial population and diversity of soil were analyzed.【Result】 The results showed that after applying bio-organic fertilizer, the contents of soluble solid, 100-grain weight, polysaccharide and total carbohydratewere were increased by 9.6%-9.4%, 10.5%-20.2%, 29.8%-50% and 41.8%-60.2%, respectively and the pH value was decreased by 7.2%-8.6%; The content of soil organic matter was increased by 26.8%-31.8%, and the content of available NPK was increased by 27.7%-41.6%, 26.3%-34.2% and 26.9%-33.3%, respectively; The number of bacteria increased and the number of fungi decreased significantly.【Conclusion】 This study found that 50% chemical fertilizer combined with bio-organic fertilizer had no significant effect on the yield of Lycium barbarum L., but could improve the quality of Lycium barbarum L. and soil nutrients significantly, and optimize the microbial community structure of soil obviously.