Comprehensive Evaluation of the Adaptability of 15 Tomato Germplasm Resources in Xinjiang

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.05.008

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To fully explore the growth characteristics of existing tomato germplasm resources. 【Methods】 15 tomato germplasm resources introduced from different ecological regions were used as materials to determine 31 traits including agronomic traits, some appearance quality and fruit traits in different fertility periods, and their performance in Xinjiang was comprehensively evaluated using principal component analysis, correlation analysis and cluster analysis. 【Results】 The results showed that the 31 traits could be simplified into 6 principal components, which were fruit appearance, leaf traits, yield factor, quality factor, etc. The cumulative contribution rate reached 87.9%; the test materials were divided into 3 taxa by using Euclidean distance and class average method, and taxon I included 7 varieties, which had shorter plant height, more ventricles and higher yield per plant. Taxon II consisted of 6 varieties, which had moderate height, stout stalks, large single fruit weight, large transverse and longitudinal diameters, large leaf length and width, and high single plant yield, and the overall performance of this type of varieties was good. The varieties of this type had better appearance and quality. 【Conclusion】

Key words: tomato; agronomic traits; principal component analysis; cluster analysis

摘要：

【目的】研究现有番茄种质资源生长特性。【方法】以不同生态区引进的15份番茄种质资源为材料,对其在不同生育时期农艺性状、部分外观品质及果实性状等31个性状进行测定,运用主成分分析、相关性分析和聚类分析等方法综合评价在新疆的表现。【结果】31个性状可简化为6个主成分,分别为果实外观、叶片性状、产量因子、品质因子等,累积贡献率达到87.9%;利用欧式距离、类平均法将供试材料分为3个类群,第I类群包括7个品种;第II类群包括6个品种;第III类群包括2个品种(丽妃2号和香妃3号)。【结论】第I类群株高较矮,心室多,单株产量较高。该品种株高适中,茎秆粗壮,单果重大,横径和纵径大,叶长和叶宽较大、单株产量高,该类型品种整体表现较好;第四类群单株产量和单果重较低,株高较大、叶片数多,果梗洼小,可溶性固形物含量高,没有果面棱沟、果面茸毛和裂口,该类型品种外观品质较好。

关键词: 番茄, 农艺性状, 主成分分析, 聚类分析

CLC Number:

S641.2

MA Yue, LI Yushan, ZHAO Lianjia, GUO Yawen, SONG Yu, XU Hongjun. Comprehensive Evaluation of the Adaptability of 15 Tomato Germplasm Resources in Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(5): 1099-1109.

马越, 李玉姗, 赵连佳, 郭雅文, 宋羽, 许红军. 15份番茄种质资源在新疆适应性综合评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(5): 1099-1109.

Figures/Tables 7

References 17

[1]	龚亚菊, 吴丽艳, 黎志彬, 等. 大果番茄种质资源的遗传多样性和聚类分析[J]. 西南农业学报, 2013, 26(6): 2447-2450.
	GONG Yaju, WU Liyan, LI Zhibin, et al. Genetic diversity and cluster analysis of tomato germplasm resources[J]. Journal of Southwest Agricultural University, 2013, 26(6):2447-2450.
[2]	刘希艳, 郑峥, 邓学斌, 等. 中国加工番茄资源遗传多样性分析[J]. 园艺学报, 2016, 43(3): 83-93.
	LIU Xiyan, ZHENG Zheng, DENG Xuebin, et al. Genetic Diversity Analysis of Processing Tomato Resources in China[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2016, 43(3): 83-93.
[3]	胡汝骥, 樊自立, 王亚俊, 等. 近50a新疆气候变化对环境影响评估[J]. 干旱区地理, 2001,(2):97-103.
	HU Ruji, FAN Zili, WANG Yajun, et al. Environmental impact assessment of climate change in Xinjiang in recent 50 years[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2001,(2): 97-103.
[4]	孙亚东, 梁燕, 吴江敏, 等. 番茄种质资源的遗传多样性和聚类分析[J]. 西北农业学报, 2009, 18(5): 297-301.
	SUN Yadong, LIANG Yan, WU Jiangmin, et al. Genetic diversity and cluster analysis of tomato germplasm resources[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 2009, 18(5):297-301.
[5]	邓红山, 但忠, 木万福, 等. 番茄种质资源主要生物学性状观察与评价[J]. 热带农业科学, 2016, 36(6):50-53.
	DENG Hongshan, DAN Zhong, MU Wanfu, et al. Observation and Evaluation of Main Biological Characters of Tomato Germplasm Resources[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 2016, 36(6): 50-53.
[6]	张洪溢, 余诞年, 王锐萍, 等. 番茄种质资源遗传多样性分析与RAPD应用[J]. 植物遗传资源学报, 2003,(2):151-156.
	ZHANG Hongyi, YU Danian, WANG Ruiping, et al. Genetic Diversity Analysis and RAPD Application of Tomato Germplasm Resources[J]. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2003,(2): 151-156.
[7]	VillandJ, Skroch P W, Lai T, et al. Genetic Variation among Tomato Accessions from Primary and Secondary Centers of Diversity[J]. Crop Science, 1998, 38(5): 1339-1347. DOI URL
[8]	傅振清, 赵扬, 李彩霞, 等. 番茄种属间过氧化物酶同工酶研究[J]. 石河子农学院报, 1995,(4):31-34.
	FU Zhenqing, ZHANG Yang, LI Caixia, et al. Studies on Peroxidase Isozymes among Tomato Species[J]. Journal of Shihezi Agricultural University, 1995,(4): 31-34.
[9]	许霞, 杨建平. 番茄花粉形态特征及其演化、分类的探讨[J]. 西北农业学报, 2003, 12(1): 53-56.
	XU Xia, YANG Jianping. Morphological characteristics, evolution and classification of tomato pollen[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 2003, 12(1): 53-56.
[10]	芮文婧, 张倩男, 王晓敏, 等. 47份大果番茄种质资源表型性状的遗传多样性[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2017, 12(45): 100-103.
	RUI Wenjing, ZHANG Qiannan, WANG Xiaomin, et al. Genetic diversity of phenotypic traits in 47large-fruit tomato germplasm resources[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 12(45): 100-103.
[11]	袁东升, 王晓敏, 赵宇飞, 等. 100份番茄种质资源表型性状的遗传多样性分析[J]. 西北农业学报, 2019, 28(4): 102-109.
	YUAN Dongsheng, WANG Xiaomin, ZHAN Yufei, et al. Genetic Diversity Analysis of Phenotypic Traits of 100 Tomato Germplasm Resources[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 2019, 28(4): 102-109.
[12]	刘珮君, 王晓敏, 李国花, 等. 166份番茄种质资源的综合评价[J]. 云南大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 42(4): 792-803.
	LIU Peijun, WANG Xiaomin, LI Guohua, et al. Comprehensive evaluation of 166 tomato germplasm resources[J]. Journal of Yunnan University (Natural Science Ed.), 2020, 42(4): 792-803.
[13]	李国花, 王晓敏, 赵宇飞, 等. 180份番茄种质资源对3种主要叶部病害的田间抗病性评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(4): 741-755. DOI
	LI Guohua, WANG Xiaomin, ZHAN Yufei, et al. Field resistance evaluation of 180 tomato germplasm resources to three main leaf diseases[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(4): 741-755. DOI
[14]	郑福顺, 王晓敏, 李国花, 等. 基于表型性状的宁夏番茄种质资源核心种质构建[J]. 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2021, 47(2): 171-181.
	ZHENG Fushun, WANG Xiaomin, LI Guohua, et al. Construction of core germplasm resources of Ningxia Tomato based on phenotypic traits [J]. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture & Life Science Ed.), 2021, 47(2): 171-181.
[15]	Suliman-Pollatschek S, Kashkush K, Shats H, et al. Generation and mapping of AFLP, SSRs and SNPs in Lycopersicon esculentum[J]. Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters, 2002, 7(2A): 583-597.
[16]	李春侨, 周龙, 陆彪, 等. 天山樱桃种质资源表型多样性研究[J]. 西北农业学报, 2018, 27(1): 91-97.
	LI Chunqiao, ZHOU Long, LU Biao, et al. The phenotypic diversity of cherry germplasm resources in Tianshan Mountains[J]. Northwest Journal of Agriculture, 2018, 27(1): 91-97.
[17]	吴丽艳, 龚亚菊, 黎志彬, 等. 樱桃番茄种质资源果实相关性状的多元统计分析[J]. 西南农业学报, 2012, 25(5): 1818-1822.
	WU Liyan, GONG Yaju, LI Zhibin, et al. Multivariate statistical analysis of fruit related traits of cherry tomato germplasm resources[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 2012, 25(5): 1818-1822.

编号 NO.	品种名称 Varieties	品种来源 Source
1	矮性花红	山西农科所
2	早雀钻	浙江农科所
3	高比斯海尔舍木	山西农科所
4	黔园	湖北黄岗专业所
5	华南东粉	广东农科院蔬菜所
6	粉红	湖南农科所
7	小平顶	新疆石河子市
8	健康红	江西农科院
9	早粉2号	石河子143团
10	粉红甜肉	中农院蔬菜所
11	北京10号	伊犁哈萨克自治州
12	保加利亚4号	喀什疏附县
13	大同红番茄	广东农科院蔬菜所
14	丽妃2号	中国蔬菜花卉研究所
15	香妃3号	中国蔬菜花卉研究所

编号 NO.	品种名称 Varieties	品种来源 Source
1	矮性花红	山西农科所
2	早雀钻	浙江农科所
3	高比斯海尔舍木	山西农科所
4	黔园	湖北黄岗专业所
5	华南东粉	广东农科院蔬菜所
6	粉红	湖南农科所
7	小平顶	新疆石河子市
8	健康红	江西农科院
9	早粉2号	石河子143团
10	粉红甜肉	中农院蔬菜所
11	北京10号	伊犁哈萨克自治州
12	保加利亚4号	喀什疏附县
13	大同红番茄	广东农科院蔬菜所
14	丽妃2号	中国蔬菜花卉研究所
15	香妃3号	中国蔬菜花卉研究所

性状 Traits	最大值 Max value	最小值 Min value	极差 Range	平均值 Mean value	标准差 SD	变异系数 CV(%)
株高Plant height(cm)	53.2	166.9	113.7	105.9	36.4	34.3
茎粗Stem diameter(cm)	11.2	17.6	6.4	14.2	1.8	12.6
叶片数Number of leaves	12.8	27.7	14.9	18.6	4.5	24.2
SPAD	59.0	66.7	7.7	62.8	2.3	3.7
单果重Single fruit weight(g)	22.8	242.5	219.7	149.9	60.8	40.6
萼片数Number of sepals(个)	5.0	7.6	2.6	6.2	0.6	10.2
果柄长度Petiole length(cm)	0.4	1.0	0.7	0.7	0.2	23.1
果梗洼大小Stem depression size(cm)	0.3	2.6	2.2	1.7	0.6	33.5
果洼处木栓化大小Plug size at fruit depression(cm)	0.1	1.5	1.4	1.0	0.4	36.2
裂口长度Crack length(cm)	0.0	6.2	6.2	2.1	1.7	81.6
纵径Diameter(cm)	3.4	7.3	3.9	5.6	1.0	18.3
横径Transverse diameter(cm)	3.4	9.1	5.7	6.9	1.6	23.2
果肉厚度Flesh thickness(cm)	0.4	0.9	0.4	0.7	0.1	17.1
心室数Ventricular number	2.1	7.2	5.1	4.8	1.4	28.8
可溶性固形物含量Solubel solids content(%)	4.1	8.9	4.9	5.2	1.3	25.0
成熟果色Mature fruit color	4.0	7.0	3.0	6.3	1.0	16.5
首花序节位First inflorescence node	6.9	9.4	2.5	7.8	0.7	8.5
第2花序节位Second inflorescence node	8.8	13.0	4.2	10.7	1.1	10.4
单花序花数Number of single inflorescences	4.8	16.7	11.9	6.7	2.9	42.8
花序类型lnflorescence type	3.7	19.7	16.0	6.1	4.1	68.1
叶长Leaf length(cm)	30.9	48.4	17.5	40.0	5.4	13.6
叶宽Leaf width(cm)	28.4	50.7	22.4	39.2	6.2	15.9
单株产量Yield per plant(kg)	0.8	2.6	1.8	1.6	0.6	35.1
畸形果数Deformed fruit number(个)	0.0	2.1	2.1	0.5	0.6	130.4
单株果数Fruit number per plant(个)	5.9	48.7	42.8	17.7	11.9	67.3
果面棱沟Fruit furrows	0.0	3.0	3.0	1.1	0.7	66.0
果面茸毛Fruit surface hairy	0.0	2.0	2.0	1.1	0.6	56.5
果顶形状Fruit top shape	2.0	4.0	2.0	2.3	0.6	26.2
果皮色Peel color	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.9	0.6	30.7
果实横切面形状Fruit cross section shape	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.3	0.7	55.6
果肉色Flesh color	3.0	5.0	2.0	4.5	0.6	14.3

性状 Traits	最大值 Max value	最小值 Min value	极差 Range	平均值 Mean value	标准差 SD	变异系数 CV(%)
株高Plant height(cm)	53.2	166.9	113.7	105.9	36.4	34.3
茎粗Stem diameter(cm)	11.2	17.6	6.4	14.2	1.8	12.6
叶片数Number of leaves	12.8	27.7	14.9	18.6	4.5	24.2
SPAD	59.0	66.7	7.7	62.8	2.3	3.7
单果重Single fruit weight(g)	22.8	242.5	219.7	149.9	60.8	40.6
萼片数Number of sepals(个)	5.0	7.6	2.6	6.2	0.6	10.2
果柄长度Petiole length(cm)	0.4	1.0	0.7	0.7	0.2	23.1
果梗洼大小Stem depression size(cm)	0.3	2.6	2.2	1.7	0.6	33.5
果洼处木栓化大小Plug size at fruit depression(cm)	0.1	1.5	1.4	1.0	0.4	36.2
裂口长度Crack length(cm)	0.0	6.2	6.2	2.1	1.7	81.6
纵径Diameter(cm)	3.4	7.3	3.9	5.6	1.0	18.3
横径Transverse diameter(cm)	3.4	9.1	5.7	6.9	1.6	23.2
果肉厚度Flesh thickness(cm)	0.4	0.9	0.4	0.7	0.1	17.1
心室数Ventricular number	2.1	7.2	5.1	4.8	1.4	28.8
可溶性固形物含量Solubel solids content(%)	4.1	8.9	4.9	5.2	1.3	25.0
成熟果色Mature fruit color	4.0	7.0	3.0	6.3	1.0	16.5
首花序节位First inflorescence node	6.9	9.4	2.5	7.8	0.7	8.5
第2花序节位Second inflorescence node	8.8	13.0	4.2	10.7	1.1	10.4
单花序花数Number of single inflorescences	4.8	16.7	11.9	6.7	2.9	42.8
花序类型lnflorescence type	3.7	19.7	16.0	6.1	4.1	68.1
叶长Leaf length(cm)	30.9	48.4	17.5	40.0	5.4	13.6
叶宽Leaf width(cm)	28.4	50.7	22.4	39.2	6.2	15.9
单株产量Yield per plant(kg)	0.8	2.6	1.8	1.6	0.6	35.1
畸形果数Deformed fruit number(个)	0.0	2.1	2.1	0.5	0.6	130.4
单株果数Fruit number per plant(个)	5.9	48.7	42.8	17.7	11.9	67.3
果面棱沟Fruit furrows	0.0	3.0	3.0	1.1	0.7	66.0
果面茸毛Fruit surface hairy	0.0	2.0	2.0	1.1	0.6	56.5
果顶形状Fruit top shape	2.0	4.0	2.0	2.3	0.6	26.2
果皮色Peel color	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.9	0.6	30.7
果实横切面形状Fruit cross section shape	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.3	0.7	55.6
果肉色Flesh color	3.0	5.0	2.0	4.5	0.6	14.3

性状Traits	主成分1 PC1		主成分2 PC2		主成分3 PC3		主成分4 PC4		主成分5 PC5		主成分6 PC6
X₁	0.17		0.72		-0.52		-0.02		-0.22		0.23
X₂	0.40		-0.14		0.26		0.62		0.02		-0.46
X₃	0.00		0.77		-0.47		-0.04		-0.26		0.12
X₄	-0.63		0.40		0.04		0.43		-0.37		-0.01
X₅	0.84		-0.15		0.34		0.25		0.21		-0.10
X₆	0.15		-0.37		0.61		0.52		0.09		-0.19
X₇	0.19		-0.72		0.18		0.07		-0.16		0.36
X₈	0.73		-0.18		0.46		0.21		0.35		0.18
X₉	0.71		-0.28		0.49		0.19		0.28		0.19
X₁₀	0.37		-0.12		-0.03		0.10		0.80		0.11
X₁₁	0.90		-0.19		0.18		-0.01		0.15		-0.16
X₁₂	0.82		-0.23		0.32		0.18		0.27		-0.11
X₁₃	0.70		-0.06		-0.06		0.38		0.28		-0.35
X₁₄	0.35		-0.33		0.78		0.20		0.00		0.15
X₁₅	-0.45		0.72		-0.38		-0.15		-0.21		-0.10
X₁₆	0.24		0.09		0.17		0.84		0.25		-0.01
X₁₇	-0.12		0.33		0.14		-0.84		0.06		0.11
X₁₈	-0.12		0.68		-0.15		0.16		-0.66		0.09
X₁₉	-0.59		0.75		0.01		-0.15		-0.05		0.09
X₂₀	-0.59		0.73		-0.21		-0.17		-0.16		0.07
X₂₁	0.89		0.23		-0.13		0.19		-0.16		0.22
X₂₂	0.85		0.07		0.17		0.22		0.03		0.20
X₂₃	0.27		-0.31		0.07		0.42		0.27		0.55
X₂₄	-0.34		0.62		-0.40		-0.38		-0.13		0.02
X₂₅	-0.72		0.39		-0.38		-0.14		-0.22		0.30
性状Traits		主成分1 PC1		主成分2 PC2		主成分3 PC3		主成分4 PC4		主成分5 PC5		主成分6 PC6
X₂₆		0.05		-0.38		0.17		0.41		0.61		-0.47
X₂₇		0.34		-0.32		0.84		-0.06		0.07		0.02
X₂₈		-0.28		-0.24		-0.44		-0.61		-0.20		-0.01
X₂₉		-0.09		-0.79		0.03		-0.02		-0.17		0.01
X₃₀		0.07		-0.02		-0.04		0.23		0.03		-0.90
X₃₁		0.19		0.34		0.21		0.21		0.70		-0.01
特征值 Characteristic values(E)		14.4		4.4		3		2.1		1.9		1.5
贡献率 Contribution rate CR(%)		25.9		20.1		12.5		12.3		9.8		7.3
累积贡献率 Cumulative proportion CP(%)		25.9		46.0		58.5		70.8		80.6		87.9