新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (7): 1748-1757.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.07.022
张建强1(), Abdramane salah zene2, 王江来2, 李佳佳3, 张晓梦2, 吴康莉2, 田永强2()
收稿日期:
2021-09-21
出版日期:
2022-07-20
发布日期:
2022-08-04
通信作者:
田永强
作者简介:
张建强(1991-), 男, 甘肃定西人, 硕士研究生, 研究方向为生物防治病原菌, (E-mail) 1556199273@qq.com
基金资助:
ZHANG Jianqiang1(), Abdramane Salah Zene2, WANG Jianglai2, LI Jiajia3, ZHANG Xiaomeng2, WU Kangli2, TIAN Yongqinang2()
Received:
2021-09-21
Online:
2022-07-20
Published:
2022-08-04
Correspondence author:
TIAN Yongqinang
Supported by:
摘要:
【目的】研究筛选对芹菜叶斑病(病菌为:细极链格孢Alternaria tenuissima)具有良好防治作用的药剂。【方法】采用菌丝生长速率法和琼脂片法分别用14种杀菌剂对细极链格孢(A.tenuissima)菌丝和孢子萌发做室内毒力测定并进行田间药效试验。【结果】14种杀菌剂中对病原菌菌丝抑制效果最好的分别为3%甲霜恶霉灵、5%香芹酚、10%苯醚甲环唑、其EC50分别为10.8、19.9、26.2 μg/mL;对孢子萌发抑制效果最好的分别为3%甲霜恶霉灵、25%嘧菌酯、43%戊唑醇,其EC50分别为15.7、29.5、38.7 μg/mL。只有3%甲霜恶霉灵具有最佳的防治效果。防效最好的药剂为3%甲霜恶霉灵和5%香芹酚,其防效分别为96.3%和83.9%。【结论】3%甲霜恶霉灵最适用于田间芹菜叶斑病的防治。
中图分类号:
张建强, Abdramane salah zene, 王江来, 李佳佳, 张晓梦, 吴康莉, 田永强. 芹菜叶斑病病原菌细极链格孢药剂筛选[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(7): 1748-1757.
ZHANG Jianqiang, Abdramane Salah Zene, WANG Jianglai, LI Jiajia, ZHANG Xiaomeng, WU Kangli, TIAN Yongqinang. Selection of Agents for Alternaria tenuissima of Pathogen of Celery Leaf Spot[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(7): 1748-1757.
供试药剂 Fungicide | 剂型 Dosage Form | 推荐稀释倍数 Recommended dilution ratio | 生产厂家 Manufacturer |
---|---|---|---|
50%多菌灵 50% Carbendazim | 可湿性粉剂 | 800 | 江苏蓝丰生物化工股份有限公司 |
43%戊唑醇 43% Tebuconazole | 悬浮剂 | 3 000 | 山东邹平农药有限公司 |
25%嘧菌酯 25% Azoxystrobin | 悬浮剂 | 1 000 | 英国先正达有限公司 |
25%腈菌唑 25% Myclobutanil | 油剂 | 1 000 | 中国农科院植保所廊坊农药中试厂 |
30%氟环咪鲜胺 30% Fluoricomidine | 微乳剂 | 3 000 | 中国农科院植保所廊坊农药中试厂 |
3%甲霜恶霉灵 3% Metalaxyl | 水剂 | 600 | 中国农科院植保所廊坊农药中试厂 |
72%霜脲锰锌 72% Cream urea·manganese zinc | 可湿性粉剂 | 1 000 | 中国农科院植保所廊坊农药中试厂 |
66.5%霜霉威盐酸盐 66.5% Propamocarb hydrochloride | 水剂 | 1 000 | 中国农科院植保所廊坊农药中试厂 |
10%苯醚甲环唑 10% Difenoconazole | 微乳剂 | 1 500 | 中国农科院植保所廊坊农药中试厂 |
52.5%噁酮霜脲氰 52.5% Famox-Cymoxanil | 水分散粒剂 | 2 000 | 美国杜邦公司 |
30%琥胶肥酸铜 30% Cupric succinate | 悬浮剂 | 500 | 中国农科院植保所廊坊农药中试厂 |
22.5%啶氧菌酯 22.5% Picoxystrobin | 悬浮剂 | 1 500 | 美国杜邦公司 |
40%嘧霉胺 40% Pyrimethanil | 悬浮剂 | 1 500 | 中国农科院植保所廊坊农药中试厂 |
5%香芹酚 5% Carvacrol | 水剂 | 1 000 | 兰州世创生物科技有限公司 |
表1 供试药剂名称
Table 1 Name of the tested drug dosage form and manufacturer information
供试药剂 Fungicide | 剂型 Dosage Form | 推荐稀释倍数 Recommended dilution ratio | 生产厂家 Manufacturer |
---|---|---|---|
50%多菌灵 50% Carbendazim | 可湿性粉剂 | 800 | 江苏蓝丰生物化工股份有限公司 |
43%戊唑醇 43% Tebuconazole | 悬浮剂 | 3 000 | 山东邹平农药有限公司 |
25%嘧菌酯 25% Azoxystrobin | 悬浮剂 | 1 000 | 英国先正达有限公司 |
25%腈菌唑 25% Myclobutanil | 油剂 | 1 000 | 中国农科院植保所廊坊农药中试厂 |
30%氟环咪鲜胺 30% Fluoricomidine | 微乳剂 | 3 000 | 中国农科院植保所廊坊农药中试厂 |
3%甲霜恶霉灵 3% Metalaxyl | 水剂 | 600 | 中国农科院植保所廊坊农药中试厂 |
72%霜脲锰锌 72% Cream urea·manganese zinc | 可湿性粉剂 | 1 000 | 中国农科院植保所廊坊农药中试厂 |
66.5%霜霉威盐酸盐 66.5% Propamocarb hydrochloride | 水剂 | 1 000 | 中国农科院植保所廊坊农药中试厂 |
10%苯醚甲环唑 10% Difenoconazole | 微乳剂 | 1 500 | 中国农科院植保所廊坊农药中试厂 |
52.5%噁酮霜脲氰 52.5% Famox-Cymoxanil | 水分散粒剂 | 2 000 | 美国杜邦公司 |
30%琥胶肥酸铜 30% Cupric succinate | 悬浮剂 | 500 | 中国农科院植保所廊坊农药中试厂 |
22.5%啶氧菌酯 22.5% Picoxystrobin | 悬浮剂 | 1 500 | 美国杜邦公司 |
40%嘧霉胺 40% Pyrimethanil | 悬浮剂 | 1 500 | 中国农科院植保所廊坊农药中试厂 |
5%香芹酚 5% Carvacrol | 水剂 | 1 000 | 兰州世创生物科技有限公司 |
供试药剂 Fungicide | 稀释倍数 Dilution ratio | 浓度 Concentration (μg/mL) | 病原菌菌落直径 Diameter of pathogen colony(mm) | 抑菌率 Antibacterial rate (%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
25%嘧菌酯 25% Azoxystrobin | 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 | 500 250 166.7 125 100 | 81.1±1 84.8±1.2 87.2±1.1 88.5±1.3 89±0 | 9.9a 5.1b 3. 1.6c 1.1c | ||||
50%多菌灵 50% Carbendazim | 100 200 400 800 1 000 | 5 000 2 500 1 250 625 500 | 62.9±0.7 82.3±0.8 86.8±1.1 88±1.2 89.8±1 | 30.1a 8.6b 3.6b 2. 0.2c | ||||
43%戊唑醇 43% Tebuconazole | 1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5 000 | 430 215 143 107.5 86 | 42.75±1.3 49.95±1.1 54.9±0.9 56.1±0.6 60±1 | 52.5a 44.5b 39c 37.7c 33.3d | ||||
25%腈菌唑 25% Myclobutanil | 800 1 000 1 200 1 400 1 600 | 312.5 250 208.3 178.6 166.7 | 20±1 25±1.5 26.64±1.6 29.34±1.1 31.68±1.3 | 77.8a 72.2b 70.4b 67.4c 64.8c | ||||
30%氟环咪鲜胺 30% Fluoricomidine | 4 000 4 500 5 000 5 500 6 000 | 75 66.67 60 54.55 50 | 18±0.4 22.3±0.3 26.7±0.6 34±0.2 39.7±0.9 | 78.9a 73.9b 68.7c 60.1d 53.5e | ||||
3%甲霜恶霉灵 3% Metalaxyl | 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 3 500 | 20 15 12 10 8.57 | 26±1 35±1.2 40±0.4 44.6±0.6 48.7±0.8 | 69.5a 59.0b 53.1c 47.7d 42.9e | ||||
72%霜脲锰锌 72% Cream urea· manganese zinc | 3 000 3 500 4 000 4 500 5 000 | 240 205.7 180 160 144 | 12.3±1.1 18.7±1.5 24.7±0.5 32.7±0.3 40.3±1.2 | 85.6a 78.1b 71.0c 61.7d 52.8e | ||||
66.5%霜霉威盐酸盐 66.5% Propamocarb hydrochloride | 400 600 800 1 000 1 200 | 1 662.5 1 108.3 831.25 665 554.17 | 40±0 55.2±0.5 61±1 67.3±1.2 74±0 | 53.1a 35.3b 28.5c 21.1d 13.2e | ||||
10%苯醚甲环唑 10% Difenoconazole | 2 000 2 500 3 000 3 500 4 000 | 50 40 33.33 28.57 25 | 15±0 23.3±0.4 29±0.7 38.2±0.3 46.2±0.5 | 82.4a 72.7b 66.0c 55.2d 45.8e | ||||
52.5%噁酮霜脲氰 52.5% Famox-Cymoxanil | 2 000 2 500 3 000 3 500 4 000 | 262.5 210 175 150 131.25 | 19±0.3 22.7±0.9 29.3±0.5 35±0 40.7±0.5 | 77.7a 73.4a 65.7b 59.0c 52.3d | ||||
供试药剂 Fungicide | 稀释倍数 Dilution ratio | 浓度 Concentration (μg/mL) | 病原菌菌落直径 Diameter of pathogen colony(mm) | 抑菌率 Antibacterial rate (%) | ||||
30%琥胶肥酸铜 30% Cupric succinate | 100 300 500 700 900 | 3 000 1 000 600 428.57 333.33 | 18±0 34±0 38.2±0.2 46±0 71.2±0.7 | 78.9a 60.1b 54.0c 43.7d 29.7e | ||||
22.5%啶氧菌酯 22.5% Picoxystrobin | 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 | 225 150 112.5 90 75 | 16.7±0.6 23.3±1.1 29.3±1.5 33±1.2 38.3±1.1 | 80.4a 72.7b 65.7c 61.3c 55.1d | ||||
40%嘧霉胺 40% Pyrimethanil | 1 200 1 400 1 600 1 800 2 000 | 333.33 285.71 250 222.22 200 | 14±1.4 25.3±1.5 37.7±1.1 42.3±1.6 53.7±0.9 | 83.6a 70.3b 55.8c 50.4d 37.0e | ||||
5%香芹酚 5% Carvacrol | 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 | 50 33.33 25 20 16.7 | 13.7±0.5 28±1.3 33.7±1.8 43±1.5 48±1.9 | 83.9a 67.2b 60.5c 49.6d 43.7e |
表2 不同浓度药剂下病原菌菌丝的抑制率变化
Table 2 Inhibition rates of different concentrations of agents on pathogenic hypha
供试药剂 Fungicide | 稀释倍数 Dilution ratio | 浓度 Concentration (μg/mL) | 病原菌菌落直径 Diameter of pathogen colony(mm) | 抑菌率 Antibacterial rate (%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
25%嘧菌酯 25% Azoxystrobin | 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 | 500 250 166.7 125 100 | 81.1±1 84.8±1.2 87.2±1.1 88.5±1.3 89±0 | 9.9a 5.1b 3. 1.6c 1.1c | ||||
50%多菌灵 50% Carbendazim | 100 200 400 800 1 000 | 5 000 2 500 1 250 625 500 | 62.9±0.7 82.3±0.8 86.8±1.1 88±1.2 89.8±1 | 30.1a 8.6b 3.6b 2. 0.2c | ||||
43%戊唑醇 43% Tebuconazole | 1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5 000 | 430 215 143 107.5 86 | 42.75±1.3 49.95±1.1 54.9±0.9 56.1±0.6 60±1 | 52.5a 44.5b 39c 37.7c 33.3d | ||||
25%腈菌唑 25% Myclobutanil | 800 1 000 1 200 1 400 1 600 | 312.5 250 208.3 178.6 166.7 | 20±1 25±1.5 26.64±1.6 29.34±1.1 31.68±1.3 | 77.8a 72.2b 70.4b 67.4c 64.8c | ||||
30%氟环咪鲜胺 30% Fluoricomidine | 4 000 4 500 5 000 5 500 6 000 | 75 66.67 60 54.55 50 | 18±0.4 22.3±0.3 26.7±0.6 34±0.2 39.7±0.9 | 78.9a 73.9b 68.7c 60.1d 53.5e | ||||
3%甲霜恶霉灵 3% Metalaxyl | 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 3 500 | 20 15 12 10 8.57 | 26±1 35±1.2 40±0.4 44.6±0.6 48.7±0.8 | 69.5a 59.0b 53.1c 47.7d 42.9e | ||||
72%霜脲锰锌 72% Cream urea· manganese zinc | 3 000 3 500 4 000 4 500 5 000 | 240 205.7 180 160 144 | 12.3±1.1 18.7±1.5 24.7±0.5 32.7±0.3 40.3±1.2 | 85.6a 78.1b 71.0c 61.7d 52.8e | ||||
66.5%霜霉威盐酸盐 66.5% Propamocarb hydrochloride | 400 600 800 1 000 1 200 | 1 662.5 1 108.3 831.25 665 554.17 | 40±0 55.2±0.5 61±1 67.3±1.2 74±0 | 53.1a 35.3b 28.5c 21.1d 13.2e | ||||
10%苯醚甲环唑 10% Difenoconazole | 2 000 2 500 3 000 3 500 4 000 | 50 40 33.33 28.57 25 | 15±0 23.3±0.4 29±0.7 38.2±0.3 46.2±0.5 | 82.4a 72.7b 66.0c 55.2d 45.8e | ||||
52.5%噁酮霜脲氰 52.5% Famox-Cymoxanil | 2 000 2 500 3 000 3 500 4 000 | 262.5 210 175 150 131.25 | 19±0.3 22.7±0.9 29.3±0.5 35±0 40.7±0.5 | 77.7a 73.4a 65.7b 59.0c 52.3d | ||||
供试药剂 Fungicide | 稀释倍数 Dilution ratio | 浓度 Concentration (μg/mL) | 病原菌菌落直径 Diameter of pathogen colony(mm) | 抑菌率 Antibacterial rate (%) | ||||
30%琥胶肥酸铜 30% Cupric succinate | 100 300 500 700 900 | 3 000 1 000 600 428.57 333.33 | 18±0 34±0 38.2±0.2 46±0 71.2±0.7 | 78.9a 60.1b 54.0c 43.7d 29.7e | ||||
22.5%啶氧菌酯 22.5% Picoxystrobin | 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 | 225 150 112.5 90 75 | 16.7±0.6 23.3±1.1 29.3±1.5 33±1.2 38.3±1.1 | 80.4a 72.7b 65.7c 61.3c 55.1d | ||||
40%嘧霉胺 40% Pyrimethanil | 1 200 1 400 1 600 1 800 2 000 | 333.33 285.71 250 222.22 200 | 14±1.4 25.3±1.5 37.7±1.1 42.3±1.6 53.7±0.9 | 83.6a 70.3b 55.8c 50.4d 37.0e | ||||
5%香芹酚 5% Carvacrol | 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 | 50 33.33 25 20 16.7 | 13.7±0.5 28±1.3 33.7±1.8 43±1.5 48±1.9 | 83.9a 67.2b 60.5c 49.6d 43.7e |
供试药剂 Fungicide | 毒力回归方程 Toxicity regression equation | EC50 (μg/mL) | 相关系数 Related coefficient (r2) |
---|---|---|---|
25%嘧菌酯 25% Azoxystrobin | y = 1.441 4x - 0.135 5 | 3 654.7 | 0.983 6 |
50%多菌灵 50% Carbendazim | y = 2.120 7x - 3.425 2 | 9 393.8 | 0.968 4 |
43%戊唑醇 43% Tebuconazole | y = 0.682 1x + 3.267 4 | 346.8 | 0.987 7 |
25%腈菌唑 25% Myclobutanil | y = 1.307 2x + 2.489 1 | 83.33 | 0.974 6 |
30%氟环咪鲜胺 30% Fluoricomidine | y = 4.105 5x - 1.863 5 | 47 | 0.986 4 |
3%甲霜恶霉灵 3% Metalaxyl | y = 1.835 6x + 3.100 5 | 10.8 | 0.994 5 |
72%霜脲锰锌 72% Cream urea·manganese zinc | y = 4.439 6x - 4.491 7 | 137.4 | 0.997 3 |
66.5%霜霉威盐酸盐 66.5% Propamocarb hydrochloride | y = 2.372 2x - 2.557 2 | 1 533.7 | 0.983 7 |
10%苯醚甲环唑 10% Difenoconazole | y = 3.378 7x + 0.206 4 | 26.2 | 0.991 6 |
52.5%噁酮霜脲氰 52.5% Famox-Cymoxanil | y = 2.362 8x + 0.105 5 | 117.9 | 0.947 5 |
30%琥胶肥酸铜 30% Cupric succinate | y = 1.295 9x + 1.338 8 | 668.7 | 0.965 |
22.5%啶氧菌酯 22.5% Picoxystrobin | y = 1.478 9x + 2.397 2 | 57.5 | 0.975 7 |
40%嘧霉胺 40% Pyrimethanil | y = 5.708 6x - 8.461 6 | 228.1 | 0.985 9 |
5%香芹酚 5% Carvacrol | y = 2.365 8x + 1.927 | 19.9 | 0.986 5 |
表3 不同杀菌剂下芹菜病原菌菌丝的室内毒力变化
Table 3 Indoor toxicity of different fungicides to celery pathogens hypha
供试药剂 Fungicide | 毒力回归方程 Toxicity regression equation | EC50 (μg/mL) | 相关系数 Related coefficient (r2) |
---|---|---|---|
25%嘧菌酯 25% Azoxystrobin | y = 1.441 4x - 0.135 5 | 3 654.7 | 0.983 6 |
50%多菌灵 50% Carbendazim | y = 2.120 7x - 3.425 2 | 9 393.8 | 0.968 4 |
43%戊唑醇 43% Tebuconazole | y = 0.682 1x + 3.267 4 | 346.8 | 0.987 7 |
25%腈菌唑 25% Myclobutanil | y = 1.307 2x + 2.489 1 | 83.33 | 0.974 6 |
30%氟环咪鲜胺 30% Fluoricomidine | y = 4.105 5x - 1.863 5 | 47 | 0.986 4 |
3%甲霜恶霉灵 3% Metalaxyl | y = 1.835 6x + 3.100 5 | 10.8 | 0.994 5 |
72%霜脲锰锌 72% Cream urea·manganese zinc | y = 4.439 6x - 4.491 7 | 137.4 | 0.997 3 |
66.5%霜霉威盐酸盐 66.5% Propamocarb hydrochloride | y = 2.372 2x - 2.557 2 | 1 533.7 | 0.983 7 |
10%苯醚甲环唑 10% Difenoconazole | y = 3.378 7x + 0.206 4 | 26.2 | 0.991 6 |
52.5%噁酮霜脲氰 52.5% Famox-Cymoxanil | y = 2.362 8x + 0.105 5 | 117.9 | 0.947 5 |
30%琥胶肥酸铜 30% Cupric succinate | y = 1.295 9x + 1.338 8 | 668.7 | 0.965 |
22.5%啶氧菌酯 22.5% Picoxystrobin | y = 1.478 9x + 2.397 2 | 57.5 | 0.975 7 |
40%嘧霉胺 40% Pyrimethanil | y = 5.708 6x - 8.461 6 | 228.1 | 0.985 9 |
5%香芹酚 5% Carvacrol | y = 2.365 8x + 1.927 | 19.9 | 0.986 5 |
供试药剂 Fungicide | 稀释倍数 Dilution ratio | 浓度 Concentration (μg/mL) | 孢子萌发数(平均值) Number of spore germination(average) | 萌发抑制率 Germination inhibition(%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
25%嘧菌酯 25% Azoxystrobin | 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 | 500 250 166.7 125 100 | 10.5±0.55 15.2±1.11 20.5±1.12 24.7±2.31 30.9±3.1 | 89.3a 84.5a 79.1b 74.8b 69.2c | ||||
50%多菌灵 50% Carbendazim | 100 200 400 800 1 000 | 5 000 2 500 1 250 625 500 | 2.0±0.44 7.3±0.52 13.6±0.71 22.4±2.13 29.9±2.53 | 98a 92.6b 86.1c 77.1d 69.5e | ||||
43%戊唑醇 43% Tebuconazole | 1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5 000 | 430 215 143 107.5 86 | 4.4±0.55 10.6±0.92 15.3±1.21 22.9±2.74 29.5±2.94 | 95.5a 89.2b 84.4b 76.6c 69.9d | ||||
25%腈菌唑 25% Myclobutanil | 800 1 000 1 200 1 400 1 600 | 312.5 250 208.3 178.6 166.7 | 54.1±3.68 61.5±3.35 67.2±3.67 72.1±3.41 76.6±4.32 | 44.8a 37.2b 31. 26.4c 21.8c | ||||
30%氟环咪鲜胺 30% Fluoricomidine | 4 000 4 500 5 000 5 500 6 000 | 75 66.67 60 54.55 50 | 61.3±3.86 69.7±3.94 76.1±4.56 82.6±5.25 89.3±5.47 | 37.4a 28.9b 22.3c 15.7d 8.9e | ||||
3%甲霜恶霉灵 3% Metalaxyl | 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 3 500 | 20 15 12 10 8.57 | 42.3±2.13 49.1±2.39 56.5±3.12 63.5±3.45 68.5±3.92 | 56.8a 49.9b 42.3c 35.2d 30.1d | ||||
72%霜脲锰锌 72% Cream urea· manganese zinc | 3 000 3 500 4 000 4 500 5 000 | 240 205.7 180 160 144 | 57.6±4.34 65.2±4.11 72.7±5.81 78.3±5.78 83.7±5.89 | 41.2a 33.5b 25.8c 20.1d 14.6d | ||||
66.5%霜霉威盐酸盐 66.5% Propamocarb hydrochloride | 400 600 800 1 000 1 200 | 1 662.5 1 108.3 831.25 665 554.17 | 33.6±3.34 45.0±4.21 54.5±4.45 64.8±4.13 75.3±4.52 | 65.7a 54.1b 44.4c 33.9d 23.2e | ||||
10%苯醚甲环唑 10% Difenoconazole | 2 000 2 500 3 000 3 500 4 000 | 50 40 33.33 28.57 25 | 51.6±2.87 63.9±3.56 72.6±4.23 81.5±4.56 88.1±5.24 | 47.3a 34.8b 25.9c 16.8d 10.1e | ||||
52.5%噁酮霜脲氰 52.5% Famox-Cymoxanil | 2 000 2 500 3 000 3 500 4 000 | 262.5 210 175 150 131.25 | 58.8±4.83 77.3±4.94 86.9±5.87 92.9±6.68 96.9±6.77 | 40.0a 21.1b 11.3c 5. 1.1d | ||||
供试药剂 Fungicide | 稀释倍数 Dilution ratio | 浓度 Concentration (μg/mL) | 孢子萌发数(平均值) Number of spore germination(average) | 萌发抑制率 Germination inhibition(%) | ||||
30%琥胶肥酸铜 30% Cupric succinate | 100 300 500 700 900 | 3 000 1 000 600 428.57 333.33 | 23.7±2.12 43.9±4.36 58.4±4.51 69.4±5.13 78.7±5.16 | 75.8a 55.2b 40.4b 29.1c 19.1d | ||||
22.5%啶氧菌酯 22.5% Picoxystrobin | 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 | 225 150 112.5 90 75 | 44.2±3.7 57.5±4.25 70.5±4.738 82.2±6.49 91.0±6.84 | 54.2a 44.3b 34.0c 27.4c 20.3d | ||||
40%嘧霉胺 40% Pyrimethanil | 1 200 1 400 1 600 1 800 2 000 | 333.33 285.71 250 222.22 200 | 48.2±3.78 54.0±4.62 66.4±5.12 73.0±5.65 80.2±6.74 | 54.9a 41.3b 28.0c 16.1d 7.2e | ||||
5%香芹酚 5% Carvacrol | 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 | 50 33.33 25 20 16.7 | 48.2±2.58 54.0±3.35 66.4±4.8 72.9±4.53 80.5±5.29 | 50.8a 44.9a 32.2b 25.6c 18.1d |
表4 不同浓度药剂下病原菌孢子的抑制率变化
Table 4 Inhibition rate of different concentrations of agents on pathogen spores
供试药剂 Fungicide | 稀释倍数 Dilution ratio | 浓度 Concentration (μg/mL) | 孢子萌发数(平均值) Number of spore germination(average) | 萌发抑制率 Germination inhibition(%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
25%嘧菌酯 25% Azoxystrobin | 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 | 500 250 166.7 125 100 | 10.5±0.55 15.2±1.11 20.5±1.12 24.7±2.31 30.9±3.1 | 89.3a 84.5a 79.1b 74.8b 69.2c | ||||
50%多菌灵 50% Carbendazim | 100 200 400 800 1 000 | 5 000 2 500 1 250 625 500 | 2.0±0.44 7.3±0.52 13.6±0.71 22.4±2.13 29.9±2.53 | 98a 92.6b 86.1c 77.1d 69.5e | ||||
43%戊唑醇 43% Tebuconazole | 1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5 000 | 430 215 143 107.5 86 | 4.4±0.55 10.6±0.92 15.3±1.21 22.9±2.74 29.5±2.94 | 95.5a 89.2b 84.4b 76.6c 69.9d | ||||
25%腈菌唑 25% Myclobutanil | 800 1 000 1 200 1 400 1 600 | 312.5 250 208.3 178.6 166.7 | 54.1±3.68 61.5±3.35 67.2±3.67 72.1±3.41 76.6±4.32 | 44.8a 37.2b 31. 26.4c 21.8c | ||||
30%氟环咪鲜胺 30% Fluoricomidine | 4 000 4 500 5 000 5 500 6 000 | 75 66.67 60 54.55 50 | 61.3±3.86 69.7±3.94 76.1±4.56 82.6±5.25 89.3±5.47 | 37.4a 28.9b 22.3c 15.7d 8.9e | ||||
3%甲霜恶霉灵 3% Metalaxyl | 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 3 500 | 20 15 12 10 8.57 | 42.3±2.13 49.1±2.39 56.5±3.12 63.5±3.45 68.5±3.92 | 56.8a 49.9b 42.3c 35.2d 30.1d | ||||
72%霜脲锰锌 72% Cream urea· manganese zinc | 3 000 3 500 4 000 4 500 5 000 | 240 205.7 180 160 144 | 57.6±4.34 65.2±4.11 72.7±5.81 78.3±5.78 83.7±5.89 | 41.2a 33.5b 25.8c 20.1d 14.6d | ||||
66.5%霜霉威盐酸盐 66.5% Propamocarb hydrochloride | 400 600 800 1 000 1 200 | 1 662.5 1 108.3 831.25 665 554.17 | 33.6±3.34 45.0±4.21 54.5±4.45 64.8±4.13 75.3±4.52 | 65.7a 54.1b 44.4c 33.9d 23.2e | ||||
10%苯醚甲环唑 10% Difenoconazole | 2 000 2 500 3 000 3 500 4 000 | 50 40 33.33 28.57 25 | 51.6±2.87 63.9±3.56 72.6±4.23 81.5±4.56 88.1±5.24 | 47.3a 34.8b 25.9c 16.8d 10.1e | ||||
52.5%噁酮霜脲氰 52.5% Famox-Cymoxanil | 2 000 2 500 3 000 3 500 4 000 | 262.5 210 175 150 131.25 | 58.8±4.83 77.3±4.94 86.9±5.87 92.9±6.68 96.9±6.77 | 40.0a 21.1b 11.3c 5. 1.1d | ||||
供试药剂 Fungicide | 稀释倍数 Dilution ratio | 浓度 Concentration (μg/mL) | 孢子萌发数(平均值) Number of spore germination(average) | 萌发抑制率 Germination inhibition(%) | ||||
30%琥胶肥酸铜 30% Cupric succinate | 100 300 500 700 900 | 3 000 1 000 600 428.57 333.33 | 23.7±2.12 43.9±4.36 58.4±4.51 69.4±5.13 78.7±5.16 | 75.8a 55.2b 40.4b 29.1c 19.1d | ||||
22.5%啶氧菌酯 22.5% Picoxystrobin | 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 | 225 150 112.5 90 75 | 44.2±3.7 57.5±4.25 70.5±4.738 82.2±6.49 91.0±6.84 | 54.2a 44.3b 34.0c 27.4c 20.3d | ||||
40%嘧霉胺 40% Pyrimethanil | 1 200 1 400 1 600 1 800 2 000 | 333.33 285.71 250 222.22 200 | 48.2±3.78 54.0±4.62 66.4±5.12 73.0±5.65 80.2±6.74 | 54.9a 41.3b 28.0c 16.1d 7.2e | ||||
5%香芹酚 5% Carvacrol | 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 | 50 33.33 25 20 16.7 | 48.2±2.58 54.0±3.35 66.4±4.8 72.9±4.53 80.5±5.29 | 50.8a 44.9a 32.2b 25.6c 18.1d |
供试药剂 Fungicide | 毒力回归方程 Toxicity regression equation | EC50 (μg/mL) | 相关系数 Related coefficient (r2) |
---|---|---|---|
25%嘧菌酯 25% Azoxystrobin | y = 1.041 1x + 3.470 5 | 29.5 | 0.978 5 |
50%多菌灵 50% Carbendazim | y = 1.451 9x + 1.611 8 | 215.9 | 0.986 |
43%戊唑醇 43% Tebuconazole | y = 1.647 9x + 2.384 1 | 38.7 | 0.989 1 |
25%腈菌唑 25% Myclobutanil | y = 2.261 5x - 0.755 5 | 350.7 | 0.982 8 |
30%氟环咪鲜胺 30% Fluoricomidine | y = 5.647 1x - 5.865 1 | 83.9 | 0.977 5 |
3%甲霜恶霉灵 3% Metalaxyl | y = 1.909 8x + 2.71 8 | 15.7 | 0.989 3 |
72%霜脲锰锌 72% Cream urea·manganese zinc | y = 3.732 8x - 4.082 5 | 271.1 | 0.994 5 |
66.5%霜霉威盐酸盐 66.5% Propamocarb hydrochloride | y = 2.498 8x - 2.508 5 | 1 008.7 | 0.984 1 |
10%苯醚甲环唑 10% Difenoconazole | y = 3.948 1x - 1.731 | 50.7 | 0.986 6 |
52.5%噁酮霜脲氰 52.5% Famox-Cymoxanil | y = 6.456 2x - 10.8 | 280.1 | 0.975 3 |
30%琥胶肥酸铜 30% Cupric succinate | y = 1.579 7x + 0.284 3 | 966.5 | 0.973 |
22.5%啶氧菌酯 22.5% Picoxystrobin | y = 1.942 1x + 0.582 7 | 188.1 | 0.983 8 |
40%嘧霉胺 40% Pyrimethanil | y = 7.050 9x - 12.583 | 311.7 | 0.980 7 |
5%香芹酚 5% Carvacrol | y = 1.836 3x + 1.909 2 | 48.2 | 0.976 9 |
表5 不同杀菌剂下芹菜病原菌孢子的室内毒力变化
Table 5 Indoor toxicity of different fungicides to the spores of celery pathogen
供试药剂 Fungicide | 毒力回归方程 Toxicity regression equation | EC50 (μg/mL) | 相关系数 Related coefficient (r2) |
---|---|---|---|
25%嘧菌酯 25% Azoxystrobin | y = 1.041 1x + 3.470 5 | 29.5 | 0.978 5 |
50%多菌灵 50% Carbendazim | y = 1.451 9x + 1.611 8 | 215.9 | 0.986 |
43%戊唑醇 43% Tebuconazole | y = 1.647 9x + 2.384 1 | 38.7 | 0.989 1 |
25%腈菌唑 25% Myclobutanil | y = 2.261 5x - 0.755 5 | 350.7 | 0.982 8 |
30%氟环咪鲜胺 30% Fluoricomidine | y = 5.647 1x - 5.865 1 | 83.9 | 0.977 5 |
3%甲霜恶霉灵 3% Metalaxyl | y = 1.909 8x + 2.71 8 | 15.7 | 0.989 3 |
72%霜脲锰锌 72% Cream urea·manganese zinc | y = 3.732 8x - 4.082 5 | 271.1 | 0.994 5 |
66.5%霜霉威盐酸盐 66.5% Propamocarb hydrochloride | y = 2.498 8x - 2.508 5 | 1 008.7 | 0.984 1 |
10%苯醚甲环唑 10% Difenoconazole | y = 3.948 1x - 1.731 | 50.7 | 0.986 6 |
52.5%噁酮霜脲氰 52.5% Famox-Cymoxanil | y = 6.456 2x - 10.8 | 280.1 | 0.975 3 |
30%琥胶肥酸铜 30% Cupric succinate | y = 1.579 7x + 0.284 3 | 966.5 | 0.973 |
22.5%啶氧菌酯 22.5% Picoxystrobin | y = 1.942 1x + 0.582 7 | 188.1 | 0.983 8 |
40%嘧霉胺 40% Pyrimethanil | y = 7.050 9x - 12.583 | 311.7 | 0.980 7 |
5%香芹酚 5% Carvacrol | y = 1.836 3x + 1.909 2 | 48.2 | 0.976 9 |
供试药剂 Fungicide | 制剂用量 Preparation dosage (mL、g/667m2) | 发病率 Incidence rate (%) | 防效 Field control effect (%) |
---|---|---|---|
25%嘧菌酯 25% Azoxystrobin | 70 | 9.5 | 70.5d |
43%戊唑醇 43% Tebuconazole | 80 | 8.7 | 73.0d |
3%甲霜恶霉灵 3% Metalaxyl | 250 | 1.2 | 96.3a |
10%苯醚甲环唑 10% Difenoconazole | 80 | 6.8 | 78.9c |
5%香芹酚 5% Carvacrol | 100 | 5.2 | 83.9b |
水 Water | - | 32.2 | - |
表6 5种杀菌剂下芹菜叶斑病的防效
Table 6 Control effects of 5 fungicides on celery leaf spot disease
供试药剂 Fungicide | 制剂用量 Preparation dosage (mL、g/667m2) | 发病率 Incidence rate (%) | 防效 Field control effect (%) |
---|---|---|---|
25%嘧菌酯 25% Azoxystrobin | 70 | 9.5 | 70.5d |
43%戊唑醇 43% Tebuconazole | 80 | 8.7 | 73.0d |
3%甲霜恶霉灵 3% Metalaxyl | 250 | 1.2 | 96.3a |
10%苯醚甲环唑 10% Difenoconazole | 80 | 6.8 | 78.9c |
5%香芹酚 5% Carvacrol | 100 | 5.2 | 83.9b |
水 Water | - | 32.2 | - |
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