助剂激健在防治棉花黄萎病中的效果

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.12.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的优化生产上常用的杀菌剂、诱抗剂和助剂的组方,综合评估助剂激健对大丽轮枝菌V991防治显著增效的杀菌剂及施用方法,为棉花黄萎病防治中化学农药的减施增效提供技术支持。方法用药/激健,生药/激健组合对V991菌丝进行菌丝生长速率实验,筛选出激健对V991菌丝显著增效的杀菌剂,通过盆栽黄萎病防治实验,分析诱抗剂、药/激健的施用措施和方法。结果激健可作为增效剂,可增加多菌灵、乙蒜素对V991菌丝生长的抑菌率,添加激健后,50 mg/kg多菌灵与5 mg/kg乙蒜素的菌丝生长抑菌率也分别由19.68%提高至35.49%和14.83%提高至26.29%,并且添加激健后,多菌灵与乙蒜素的EC₅₀也分别由1.707 mg/kg降低至0.104 mg/kg和1.249 mg/kg降低至0.824 mg/kg,其药剂施用量也相应地降低了16.41和1.52倍,接菌前或接菌后施用诱抗剂,配合多菌灵/激健-乙蒜素/激健组合顺序施药的方式防治效果最好,其28 d后的防治效果仍可高达69.27%和62.70%。结论激健可作为棉花黄萎病防治中的多菌灵、乙蒜素的增效剂,明显降低对大丽轮枝菌菌丝抑制的药剂施用量,盆栽黄萎病防病时,无论在接菌前或接菌后施用氨基寡糖素,并采用多菌灵/激健-乙蒜素/激健顺序施药组合均对棉花黄萎病防治效果最佳。

关键词: 棉花黄萎病; 大丽轮枝菌; 减施增效; 助剂; 增效剂

Abstract:

【Objective】 To provide technical support for the reduction and efficiency of chemical pesticides for cotton Verticillium disease control by comprehensively evaluating the fungicides and application methods of Jijian against Verticillium dahliae V991 using optimizing the composition of fungicides, elicitors and auxiliaries commonly used in production. 【Methods】 In order to screen the fungicide with significantly synergistic control effect on V991 mycelia, the mycelial growth rate experiment was carried out by the combination of the combination of carbendazim / Jijian, ethylicin / Jijian and Bacillus subtilis/ Jijian. Through the potted Verticillium wilt control experiment, the application measures and methods of inducer, pesticide/Jijian were determined.【Results】 Jijian could be used as synergistic agent to increase the bacteriostatic rate of carbendazim and etallicin for controlling V991 mycelia growth. Adding Jijian, the inhibition rate of 50 mg/kg carbendazim increased from 19.68% to 35.49%, and 14.83% to 26.29% respectively, and EC₅₀ of carbendazim and ethylicin also decreased to 0.104 mg/kg from 1.707 mg/kg, and 0.824 mg/kg from 1.249 mg/kg separately, and the pesticide dosage also decreased 16.41 times and 1.52 times accordingly. The study on potted cotton Vercillium wilt showed that the best control effect was determined by spraying amino-oligosaccharide before or after inoculating pathogen sequentially equipped with the combination of carbendazim / Jijian-ethylicin / Jijian, and the control efficacy was still as high as 69.27% and 62.70% 28 days later.【Conclusion】 Jijian can be used as synergistic agent of carbendazim and ethylicin for the cotton Verticillium disease control which dramatically reduces the pesticides dosages, and the combination of carbendazim / Jijian-ethylicin / Jijian employed in turn had the best control effect on potted cotton Verticillium wilt with spraying amino-oligosaccharides inducer 24h before or after inoculating pathogen.

Key words: cotton Verticillium wilt; Verticillium dahliae; reducing dosages and promoting efficiency; adjuvant; synergist

中图分类号:

S435.62

赖成霞, 玛依拉·玉素音, 石必显, 李春平, 姜梦竹, 郑子漂, 杨栋. 助剂激健在防治棉花黄萎病中的效果[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(12): 2220-2227.

LAI Chengxia, Mayila Yusuyin, SHI Bixian, LI Chunping, JIANG Mengzhu, ZHENG Zipiao, YANG Dong. Application Study on the Adjuvant Jijian as Synergist for Cotton Verticillium Disease Control[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(12): 2220-2227.

图/表 4

参考文献 16

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处理 Treatments	接种前24 hr喷施氨基寡糖素 Spraying amino-oligosaccharin 24 hr before inoculating pathogen								接种后24 hr喷施氨基寡糖素 Spraying amino-oligosaccharin 24 hr after inoculating pathogen
	药后14 d 14 days after spraying fungicides				药后28 d 28 days after spraying fungicides				药后14 d 14 days after spraying fungicides				药后28 d 28 days after spraying fungicides
	病情指数 Disease index		防效 Control effect (%)		病情指数 Disease index		防效 Control effect (%)		病情指数 Disease index		防效 Control effect (%)		病情指数 Disease index		防效 Control effect (%)
水 Water		47.44		-		87.18		-		67.95		-		91.03		-
多菌灵/激健-乙蒜素/激健 Carbendazim/Jijian-Ethylicin/Jijian		25.00		75.41		57.41		69.27		55.95		45.10		50.93		62.70
乙蒜素/激健-多菌灵/激健 Ethylicin/Jijian-Carbendazim/Jijian		52.38		-109.52		65.03		-13.29		46.15		7.20		67.95		-50.10
多菌灵-乙蒜素 Carbendazim-Ethylicin		70.37		-34.34		74.36		-14.34		44.87		-62.04		56.06		-37.51
乙蒜素-多菌灵 Ethylicin-Carbendazim		44.87		36.23		52.56		29.31		52.56		6.29		61.54		12.18

处理 Treatments	接种前24 hr喷施氨基寡糖素 Spraying amino-oligosaccharin 24 hr before inoculating pathogen								接种后24 hr喷施氨基寡糖素 Spraying amino-oligosaccharin 24 hr after inoculating pathogen
	药后14 d 14 days after spraying fungicides				药后28 d 28 days after spraying fungicides				药后14 d 14 days after spraying fungicides				药后28 d 28 days after spraying fungicides
	病情指数 Disease index		防效 Control effect (%)		病情指数 Disease index		防效 Control effect (%)		病情指数 Disease index		防效 Control effect (%)		病情指数 Disease index		防效 Control effect (%)
水 Water		47.44		-		87.18		-		67.95		-		91.03		-
多菌灵/激健-乙蒜素/激健 Carbendazim/Jijian-Ethylicin/Jijian		25.00		75.41		57.41		69.27		55.95		45.10		50.93		62.70
乙蒜素/激健-多菌灵/激健 Ethylicin/Jijian-Carbendazim/Jijian		52.38		-109.52		65.03		-13.29		46.15		7.20		67.95		-50.10
多菌灵-乙蒜素 Carbendazim-Ethylicin		70.37		-34.34		74.36		-14.34		44.87		-62.04		56.06		-37.51
乙蒜素-多菌灵 Ethylicin-Carbendazim		44.87		36.23		52.56		29.31		52.56		6.29		61.54		12.18