新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (7): 1758-1766.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.07.023

• 土壤肥料·农业装备工程·畜牧兽医·草业 • 上一篇    下一篇

有机-无机液体复合肥功能菌筛选及对设施番茄品质、生理活性的影响

许俊锋1(), 杨蓉2(), 詹发强2, 侯敏2, 包慧芳2, 王宁2, 龙宣杞2, 张志东2, 崔卫东2()   

  1. 1.新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐 830001
    2.新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所/新疆农业科学院新疆特殊环境微生物实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-07 出版日期:2022-07-20 发布日期:2022-08-04
  • 通信作者: 杨蓉,崔卫东
  • 作者简介:许俊锋(1993-),男,河南许昌人,硕士,研究方向食品微生物,(E-mail) 769001339@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2019D01A62);自治区科技成果转化示范专项-科技特派员扶贫行动(2020C034);自治区科技支疆项目计划(指令性)项目(2017E0250)

Screening of Functional Bacteria of Organic-Inorganic Liquid Compound Fertilizers and Its Effect on the Quality and Physiological Activity of Greenhouse Tomato

XU Junfeng1(), YANG Rong2(), ZHAN Faqiang2, HOU Min2, BAO Huifang2, WANG Ning2, LONG Xuanqi2, ZHANG Zhidong2, CUI Weidong2()   

  1. 1. College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830001, China
    2. Research Institute of Applied Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830091, China
    3. Xinjiang Special Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830001, China
  • Received:2021-10-07 Online:2022-07-20 Published:2022-08-04
  • Correspondence author: YANG Rong, CUI Weidong
  • Supported by:
    Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2019D01A62);Demonstration Project for the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements(2020C034);Science and Technology Supporting Xinjiang Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2017E0250)

摘要:

【目的】筛选在有机-无机液体复合肥高渗环境下稳定性好的不同功能性微生物,分析不同浓度菌液与有机-无机复合肥配施后,对番茄果实品质和生理活性的影响,为基于生物有机-无机复合肥的番茄有机种植和提质保鲜提供理论依据。【方法】将不同功能芽孢杆菌以芽孢形式分别接入等量有机-无机液体复合肥摇瓶,室温保存,采用平板计数法定期检测菌落总数,筛选出耐受性好、稳定性高的菌株,将此菌株按不同浓度比例制备生物有机-无机液体复合肥。在番茄两穗时期开始,每隔10 d分别施用生物有机-无机液体复合肥与常规肥料,49 d后检测番茄果实品质与生理活性的差异。【结果】贝莱斯芽孢杆菌LYT-5(Bacillus velezensis LYT-5)在有机-无机液体复合肥中稳定性最强,在高渗环境下具有较强的抗逆性,可有效与有机-无机液体复合肥复配。与对照(常规肥料,300 kg/hm2)相比,T3(有机-无机液体复合肥,300 kg/hm2+菌液,15 L/hm2)处理后番茄果实品质综合提升最高,49 d后番茄单果均重增加15 %,果形指数增大13 %,可溶性多糖含量显著提高43 %,糖酸比增大13 %,可溶性蛋白增加6 %,适宜短期内食用和加工等;且有机-无机液体复合肥功能菌处理49 d后,番茄果实苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性最高增加220 %,抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性最高增加21 %,有效提高了番茄果实抗逆性与耐储能力。【结论】筛选出一株可在有机-无机液体复合肥中稳定存在且活性较高的功能菌株,且浓度在T3(有机-无机液体复合肥,300 kg/hm2+菌液,15 L/hm2)时施用后能明显提高番茄果实产量和品质,减少摘后损失。

关键词: 设施番茄; 营养品质; 生理活性; 有机-无机复合肥

Abstract:

【Objective】 This experiment aims to explore whether microorganisms with different functions can stably exist in an organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizers under a hypertonic environment, and the effects of different concentrations of bacterial liquid and organic-inorganic compound fertilizers on the quality and physiological activity of tomato fruit influence in the hope of providing theoretical data for organic tomato planting and quality improvement and preservation based on bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizers.【Methods】 Bacillus with different functions were connected to the same amount of organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizers shake flasks in the form of spores, and stored at room temperature. The total number of colonies was regularly detected by the plate counting method, and the strains with good tolerance and high stability were screened out. Then this strain was used to prepare biological organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizers in different concentration ratios. Starting from the two-ear period of tomato, bio-organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizers and conventional fertilizers were applied every 10 days. After 49 days, the difference in tomato fruit quality and physiological activity was detected.【Results】 Bacillus velezensis LYT-5 had the strongest stability among organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizers, and strong resistance to stress in a hypertonic environment, and could be effectively compounded with organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizers. Compared with the control (conventional fertilizers, 300 kg/hm2): T3 (organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizers, 300 kg/hm2 + bacterial solution, 15 L/hm2) had the highest comprehensive improvement in fruit quality after 49 days. The average weight of single tomato fruits increased by 15 %, fruit shape index increased by 13 %, soluble polysaccharide content increased significantly by 43 %, sugar-acid ratio increased by 13 %, soluble protein increased by 6 %, which were suitable for short-term consumption and processing, etc.; and organic-inorganic after 49 days of treatment with functional bacteria of liquid compound fertilizers, tomato fruit onphenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity increased by up to 220 %, and ascorbate peroxidase activity increased by up to 21 %, which effectively improved the stress resistance and storage capacity of tomato fruits. 【Conclusion】 A functional strain that can stably exist in organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizers and that has higher activity is screened out, and the concentration is T3 (organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizers, 300 kg/hm2 + bacterial solution, 15 L/hm2). It can obviously increase the yield and quality of tomato fruit after being applied at the same time, and reduce the loss after picking, which provides basic theoretical data for the research and application of biological organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizers.

Key words: greenhouse tomato; nutritional quality; physiological activity; organic-inorganic compound fertilizers

中图分类号: 


ISSN 1001-4330 CN 65-1097/S
邮发代号:58-18
国外代号:BM3342
主管:新疆农业科学院
主办:新疆农业科学院 新疆农业大学 新疆农学会

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