荒漠绿洲麦区小麦白粉病发生危害及药效评价

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.05.018

新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (5): 1189-1195.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.05.018

• 植物保护·微生物·贮藏保鲜加工 • 上一篇下一篇

荒漠绿洲麦区小麦白粉病发生危害及药效评价

陈利¹(), 沈煜洋¹, 崔燕华², 张航¹, 杨安沛¹, 范贵强³, 雷钧杰³, 李广阔¹(), 高海峰¹()

1.新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/农业部库尔勒作物有害生物科学观测实验站,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.新疆农业科学院综合试验场,乌鲁木齐 830012
3.新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2021-12-11 出版日期:2022-05-20 发布日期:2022-06-09
通信作者: 李广阔,高海峰
作者简介:陈利(1993-),女,重庆人,硕士,研究方向为植物保护,(E-mail) 1739456272@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项(2020E0215);自治区重点研发专项(2021B02002-1);中国挪威国际合作项目(CHN-17/0019);新疆农业科学院青年科技骨干创新能力培养项目(xjnkq-2020024);国家现代农业产业技术体系乌鲁木齐小麦综合试验站(CARS-3-49);国家现代农业产业技术体系喀什综合试验站(CARS-3-50)

The Occurrence and Damage of Wheat Powdery Mildew in Desert Oasis Area and the Control Efficiency Evaluation of Fungicides

CHEN Li¹(), SHEN Yuyang¹, CUI Yanhua², ZHANG Hang¹, YANG Anpei¹, FAN Guiqiang³, LEI Junjie³, LI Guangkuo¹(), GAO Haifeng¹()

1. Key Laboratory of Intergraded Management of Harmful Crop Vermin of China Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in Korla / Institute of Plant Protection,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China
2. Comprehensive Testing Ground of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830012,China
3. Institute of Food Crop, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091,China

Received:2021-12-11 Online:2022-05-20 Published:2022-06-09
Correspondence author: LI Guangkuo, GAO Haifeng
Supported by:
Special Project for Regional Collaborative Innovation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2020E0215);Key R & D projects of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2021B02002-1);China Norway International Cooperation Project(CHN-17/0019);Young scientific and technological backbone innovation ability training project of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences(xjnkq-2020024);China Agriculture Research System(CARS-3-49);China Agriculture Research System(CARS-3-50)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究新疆不同区域小麦白粉病发生危害情况,筛选对白粉病具有较好防效的药剂,为荒漠绿洲生态区白粉病的防控提供科学依据。【方法】采用普查方法,调查新疆不同生态区小麦白粉病发生危害情况。运用随机区组方法,定点调查各小区小麦白粉病发生情况。【结果】新疆和田地区、喀什地区和阿克苏地区小麦白粉病发生危害较重,病情指数分别为35.65、35.63和30.82,显著高于昌吉回族自治州和塔城地区;昌吉回族自治州和塔城地区小麦白粉病发生危害较轻,病情指数分别为9.95和6.00。240 g/L氯氟醚·吡唑酯EC和19%啶氧·丙环唑SC对小麦白粉病的防效最好,防效分别为84.94%和82.77%。23%醚菌·氟环唑SC、430 g/L戊唑醇SC、42%苯菌酮SC、43%氟嘧·戊唑醇SC、48%苯甲·嘧菌酯SC、75%肟菌·戊唑醇WG和40%腈菌唑WP对小麦白粉病的防效为64.57%~71.12%。【结论】新疆南部地区小麦白粉病发生危害显著重于北部地区,发生程度为3~5级。新疆北部地区小麦白粉病发生危害相对较轻,发生程度多为1~2级。240 g/L氯氟醚·吡唑酯EC、19%啶氧·丙环唑SC、23%醚菌·氟环唑SC、430 g/L戊唑醇SC、42%苯菌酮SC、43%氟嘧·戊唑醇SC、48%苯甲·嘧菌酯SC、75%肟菌·戊唑醇WG和40%腈菌唑WP可有效防治小麦白粉病,且对小麦生长安全,可在大田轮换使用。

关键词: 荒漠绿洲麦区; 小麦白粉病; 危害程度; 杀菌剂; 药效评价

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of this study is to clarify the occurrence and damage of wheat powdery mildew in different areas and screen the fungicides which have better control effectsin the hope of providing scientific basis for the prevention and control of wheat powdery mildew in desert oasis ecological area. 【Method】 General investigation method was used to investigate the occurrence of powdery mildew in different ecological zones. The efficacy test was conducted by randomized blockdesign, and the occurrence of wheat powdery mildew was surveyed in each plot at fixed points. 【Result】 The occurrence and damage of wheat powdery mildew in Hotan, Kashgar and Aksu regions were higher, with disease index of (35.65±0.83),(35.63±1.04) and (30.82±0.91), respectively, significantly higher than that in Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture and Tacheng region, with the disease index of (9.95±0.71) and (6.00± 0.46), respectively. 240 g/L mefentrifluconazole-pyraclostrobine EC and 19% picoxystrobin-propiconazole SC had the best control efficacy against wheat powdery mildew with 84.94% and 82.77%, respectively. The control efficiency of 23% kresoxim-methyl-epoxiconazole SC, 430 g/L tebuconazole SC, 42% metrafenone SC, 43%fluoxastrobin-tebuconazole SC, 48% difenoconazole-azoxystrobin SC, 75% trifloxystrobin-tebuconazole WG and 40% myclobutanil WP floated in the range of 64.57% to 71.12%. 【Conclusion】 The occurrence and damage of wheat powdery mildew in southern Xinjiang is significantly severer than that in northern areas, with the occurrence degree of 3 to 5. The occurrence of powdery milder in northern Xinjiang was mostly at degree 1 to 2. 240 g/L mefentrifluconazole-pyraclostrobine EC, 19% picoxystrobin-propiconazole SC, 23% kresoxim-methyl-epoxiconazole SC, 430 g/L tebuconazole SC, 42% metrafenone SC, 43% fluoxastrobin-tebuconazole SC, 48% difenoconazole-azoxystrobin SC, 75% trifloxystrobin-tebuconazole WG and 40% myclobutanil WP can effectively control wheat powdery mildew and are safe for wheat growth. They can be applied in rotation in wheat fields.

Key words: desert oasis wheat planting area; wheat powdery mildew; damage; fungicide; control efficiency evaluation

中图分类号:

S435.12

陈利, 沈煜洋, 崔燕华, 张航, 杨安沛, 范贵强, 雷钧杰, 李广阔, 高海峰. 荒漠绿洲麦区小麦白粉病发生危害及药效评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(5): 1189-1195.

CHEN Li, SHEN Yuyang, CUI Yanhua, ZHANG Hang, YANG Anpei, FAN Guiqiang, LEI Junjie, LI Guangkuo, GAO Haifeng. The Occurrence and Damage of Wheat Powdery Mildew in Desert Oasis Area and the Control Efficiency Evaluation of Fungicides[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(5): 1189-1195.

图/表 2

图1 不同区域小麦白粉病发生危害情况

Fig.1 Occurrence and damage of wheat powdery mildew in different regions

表1 不同杀菌剂下小麦白粉病的防治效果比较

Table 1 The control effects of different fungicides on wheat powdery mildew

处理 Treat ment	药前病情指数 Disease index before application	药后7 d 7 days after treatment		药后10 d 10 days after treatment		药后14 d 14 days after treatment
处理 Treat ment	药前病情指数 Disease index before application	病情指数 Disease index	防效 Control effect (%)	病情指数 Disease index	防效 Control effect (%)	病情指数 Disease index	防效 Control effect (%)
1	4.49	3.09	69.64±0.09^a	2.72	84.94±1.18^a	3.58	83.63±1.27^a
2	5.47	4.88	61.06±1.98^b	6.36	71.12±1.02^b	8.02	69.58±0.69^c
3	3.54	3.52	55.40±0.87^c	4.75	66.44±0.7 $5 b c$	6.11	64.22±0.0 $2 c d$
4	2.84	1.79	72.08±0.65^a	1.98	82.77±0.31^a	3.33	75.72±0.83^b
5	4.53	4.51	56.40±1.88^c	6.30	66.28±2.6 $1 b c$	7.59	65.52±0.9 $2 c d$
6	2.51	1.98	64.96±0.90^b	3.15	68.82±0.6 $5 b c$	3.83	68.48±0.88^c
7	2.88	2.41	62.57±0.54^b	3.46	69.69±2.2 $3 b c$	4.69	65.93±1.3 $5 c d$
8	3.00	2.90	55.92±1.63^c	3.89	67.77±1.3 $3 b c$	5.06	65.17±2.2 $2 c d$
9	3.91	3.89	55.96±1.74^c	5.86	64.57±3.54^c	7.72	61.01±4.34^d
10	5.60	12.53	-	22.47	-	27.04	-

表1 不同杀菌剂下小麦白粉病的防治效果比较

Table 1 The control effects of different fungicides on wheat powdery mildew

处理 Treat ment	药前病情指数 Disease index before application	药后7 d 7 days after treatment		药后10 d 10 days after treatment		药后14 d 14 days after treatment
处理 Treat ment	药前病情指数 Disease index before application	病情指数 Disease index	防效 Control effect (%)	病情指数 Disease index	防效 Control effect (%)	病情指数 Disease index	防效 Control effect (%)
1	4.49	3.09	69.64±0.09^a	2.72	84.94±1.18^a	3.58	83.63±1.27^a
2	5.47	4.88	61.06±1.98^b	6.36	71.12±1.02^b	8.02	69.58±0.69^c
3	3.54	3.52	55.40±0.87^c	4.75	66.44±0.7 $5 b c$	6.11	64.22±0.0 $2 c d$
4	2.84	1.79	72.08±0.65^a	1.98	82.77±0.31^a	3.33	75.72±0.83^b
5	4.53	4.51	56.40±1.88^c	6.30	66.28±2.6 $1 b c$	7.59	65.52±0.9 $2 c d$
6	2.51	1.98	64.96±0.90^b	3.15	68.82±0.6 $5 b c$	3.83	68.48±0.88^c
7	2.88	2.41	62.57±0.54^b	3.46	69.69±2.2 $3 b c$	4.69	65.93±1.3 $5 c d$
8	3.00	2.90	55.92±1.63^c	3.89	67.77±1.3 $3 b c$	5.06	65.17±2.2 $2 c d$
9	3.91	3.89	55.96±1.74^c	5.86	64.57±3.54^c	7.72	61.01±4.34^d
10	5.60	12.53	-	22.47	-	27.04	-

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荒漠绿洲麦区小麦白粉病发生危害及药效评价

The Occurrence and Damage of Wheat Powdery Mildew in Desert Oasis Area and the Control Efficiency Evaluation of Fungicides

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