新疆农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (11): 1981-1989.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.11.003
张静悟1(), 杨建平1, 卢伟鹏1, 张龙龙1, 张曦1, 刘怡辰1, 李卫华1(), 姜东1,2()
收稿日期:
2020-10-23
出版日期:
2021-11-20
发布日期:
2021-12-16
通信作者:
李卫华,姜东
作者简介:
张静悟(1993-),男,河南洛阳人,硕士,研究方向为作物生理生态,(E-mail) 1240108168@qq.com
基金资助:
ZHANG Jingwu1(), YANG Jianping1, LU Weipeng1, ZHANG Longlong1, ZHANG Xi1, LIU Yichen1, LI Weihua1(), JIANG Dong1,2()
Received:
2020-10-23
Online:
2021-11-20
Published:
2021-12-16
Correspondence author:
LI Weihua, JIANG Dong
Supported by:
摘要:
【目的】研究扩大管行比对滴灌春小麦干物质积累和籽粒产量的影响。【方法】在大田条件下,以新春22号和新春44号为供试材料,设置1管4行(TR4)、1管6行(TR6)和1管8行(TR8),3种不同的管行比滴灌带配置方式,测定不同管行比种植方式下,滴灌春小麦植株及各器官干物质积累量、产量和产量构成因子等指标。【结果】不同处理下2个小麦品种的单株和各器官干物质积累量随带宽增加均呈下降趋势,且均以TR4处理为最大。在TR4处理下,2个小麦品种的总干物质积累量于成熟期达到最大值,且新春44号干物质积累量高于新春22号。新春44号干物质最大积累量、干物质积累速率均高于新春22号。2个品种的籽粒产量均随着带宽的增加呈下降趋势,在TR4处理下,新春22号和新春44号的籽粒产量分别为7 716.45和8 096.48 kg/hm2。【结论】在TR6处理下,小麦籽粒产量降幅较小,新春44号产量降幅度小于新春22号,且新春44号籽粒产量高于新春22号。新春44号更适于在大管行比滴灌种植方式下种植。
中图分类号:
张静悟, 杨建平, 卢伟鹏, 张龙龙, 张曦, 刘怡辰, 李卫华, 姜东. 扩大管行比对滴灌春小麦干物质积累、转运和籽粒产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(11): 1981-1989.
ZHANG Jingwu, YANG Jianping, LU Weipeng, ZHANG Longlong, ZHANG Xi, LIU Yichen, LI Weihua, JIANG Dong. Effects of Drip Irrigation Layout on Dry Matter Accumulation, Translocation and Yield of Spring Wheat[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(11): 1981-1989.
图2 不同处理下春小麦单株干物质积累的动态变化 注:JS:拔节期;HS:抽穗期;AS:开花期;GS:灌浆期;MS:成熟期;TR4:1管4行;TR6:1管6行;TR8:1管8行;下同
Fig.2 Dynamic changes of dry matter accumulation in whole plant of spring wheat under different treatments Note:JS: Jointing stage; HS: Heading stage; AS: Anthesis stage; GS: Grain filling stage; MS: Maturity stage; TR4: one pipe fore 4 rows; TR6: one pipe fore 6 rows; TR8: one pipe fore 8 rows, the same as below
品种 Variety | 处理 Treatment | Logistic方程 Logistic equation | 持续时间/Duration(d) | Vmax g/(plant·d) | R2 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
t1 | t2 | tm | Δt | |||||
新春22号 Xinchun22 | TR4 | y=5.316 5/[1+e(2.286 3-0.070 594t)] | 7.56 | 36.49 | 28.93 | 29.25 | 0.094 | 0.990** |
TR6 | y=4.917 8/[1+e(2.230 7-0.070 714t)] | 7.28 | 35.25 | 27.97 | 28.24 | 0.090 | 0.988* | |
TR8 | y=4.719 0/[1+e(2.194 2-0.070 297t)] | 6.94 | 33.38 | 26.44 | 26.02 | 0.083 | 0.986** | |
新春44号 Xinchun44 | TR4 | y=5.492 2/[1+e(2.088 7-0.078 920t)] | 7.36 | 37.98 | 30.62 | 30.37 | 0.103 | 0.990** |
TR6 | y=5.268 7/[1+e(2.210 2-0.074 719t)] | 7.23 | 37.47 | 30.24 | 29.97 | 0.099 | 0.986** | |
TR8 | y=5.137 5/[1+e(2.214 0-0.072 193t)] | 7.01 | 36.56 | 30.14 | 29.41 | 0.093 | 0.977** |
表1 不同处理下春小麦单株干物质积累的Logistic方程模拟及其特征值
Table 1 Logistic equations and their eigenvalues of dry matter accumulation of spring wheat under different treatments
品种 Variety | 处理 Treatment | Logistic方程 Logistic equation | 持续时间/Duration(d) | Vmax g/(plant·d) | R2 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
t1 | t2 | tm | Δt | |||||
新春22号 Xinchun22 | TR4 | y=5.316 5/[1+e(2.286 3-0.070 594t)] | 7.56 | 36.49 | 28.93 | 29.25 | 0.094 | 0.990** |
TR6 | y=4.917 8/[1+e(2.230 7-0.070 714t)] | 7.28 | 35.25 | 27.97 | 28.24 | 0.090 | 0.988* | |
TR8 | y=4.719 0/[1+e(2.194 2-0.070 297t)] | 6.94 | 33.38 | 26.44 | 26.02 | 0.083 | 0.986** | |
新春44号 Xinchun44 | TR4 | y=5.492 2/[1+e(2.088 7-0.078 920t)] | 7.36 | 37.98 | 30.62 | 30.37 | 0.103 | 0.990** |
TR6 | y=5.268 7/[1+e(2.210 2-0.074 719t)] | 7.23 | 37.47 | 30.24 | 29.97 | 0.099 | 0.986** | |
TR8 | y=5.137 5/[1+e(2.214 0-0.072 193t)] | 7.01 | 36.56 | 30.14 | 29.41 | 0.093 | 0.977** |
品种 Variety | 处理 Treatment | 花前同化物 assimilation before anthesis | 花后同化物assimilation after anthesis | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
转运量 TA (g/plant) | 转运效率 TE (%) | 贡献率 CR (%) | 转运量 TA (g/plant) | 贡献率 CR (%) | ||
新春22号 Xinchun22 | TR4 | 0.407a | 16.63a | 18.82a | 1.792a | 81.48b |
TR6 | 0.359b | 14.71b | 18.59a | 1.560b | 81.41b | |
TR8 | 0.284c | 12.76c | 16.03b | 1.451c | 83.97a | |
新春44号 Xinchun44 | TR4 | 0.509a | 18.51a | 20.51a | 1.966a | 79.49b |
TR6 | 0.475b | 17.84b | 20.09a | 1.864b | 79.91b | |
TR8 | 0.411c | 15.73c | 18.62b | 1.762c | 81.38a |
表2 不同处理下滴灌小麦干物质转运特征
Table 2 Effects of dry matter transport characteristics of wheat under different treatments
品种 Variety | 处理 Treatment | 花前同化物 assimilation before anthesis | 花后同化物assimilation after anthesis | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
转运量 TA (g/plant) | 转运效率 TE (%) | 贡献率 CR (%) | 转运量 TA (g/plant) | 贡献率 CR (%) | ||
新春22号 Xinchun22 | TR4 | 0.407a | 16.63a | 18.82a | 1.792a | 81.48b |
TR6 | 0.359b | 14.71b | 18.59a | 1.560b | 81.41b | |
TR8 | 0.284c | 12.76c | 16.03b | 1.451c | 83.97a | |
新春44号 Xinchun44 | TR4 | 0.509a | 18.51a | 20.51a | 1.966a | 79.49b |
TR6 | 0.475b | 17.84b | 20.09a | 1.864b | 79.91b | |
TR8 | 0.411c | 15.73c | 18.62b | 1.762c | 81.38a |
品种 Variety | 处理 Treatment | 穗数 Spike number (104 spike/hm2) | 穗粒数 Grains per spike (grain) | 千粒重 1,000- grain mass (g) | 籽粒产量 Grain yield ( kg/hm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
新春22号 Xinchun22 | TR4 | 466.00a | 50.67a | 40.69a | 7 716.45a |
TR6 | 452.78ab | 49.47b | 40.60a | 7 105.55b | |
TR8 | 442.25bc | 48.45c | 40.15a | 6 655.0c | |
新春44号 Xinchun44 | TR4 | 433.39a | 47.75a | 47.21a | 8 096.48a |
TR6 | 432.96a | 47.36a | 46.58b | 7 518.20b | |
TR8 | 418.83b | 46.49b | 45.47c | 6 997.39c |
表3 不同处理下滴灌春小麦产量及其构成
Table 3 Effect of different treatments on yield and yield components of spring wheat under drip irrigation
品种 Variety | 处理 Treatment | 穗数 Spike number (104 spike/hm2) | 穗粒数 Grains per spike (grain) | 千粒重 1,000- grain mass (g) | 籽粒产量 Grain yield ( kg/hm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
新春22号 Xinchun22 | TR4 | 466.00a | 50.67a | 40.69a | 7 716.45a |
TR6 | 452.78ab | 49.47b | 40.60a | 7 105.55b | |
TR8 | 442.25bc | 48.45c | 40.15a | 6 655.0c | |
新春44号 Xinchun44 | TR4 | 433.39a | 47.75a | 47.21a | 8 096.48a |
TR6 | 432.96a | 47.36a | 46.58b | 7 518.20b | |
TR8 | 418.83b | 46.49b | 45.47c | 6 997.39c |
品种 Variety | 穗数 Spike number | 千粒重 1,000- grain mass | 穗粒数 Grains per spike | |
---|---|---|---|---|
新春22号 Xinchun22 | 千粒重 | -0.126 | ||
穗粒数 | 0.854** | 0.173 | ||
产量 | 0.778* | 0.144 | 0.964** | |
新春44号 Xinchun44 | 千粒重 | 0.585 | ||
穗粒数 | 0.736* | 0.323 | ||
产量 | 0.784* | 0.742* | 0.576 |
表4 产量及产量构成因子的相关性
Table 4 The correlation analysis of yield and yield composition
品种 Variety | 穗数 Spike number | 千粒重 1,000- grain mass | 穗粒数 Grains per spike | |
---|---|---|---|---|
新春22号 Xinchun22 | 千粒重 | -0.126 | ||
穗粒数 | 0.854** | 0.173 | ||
产量 | 0.778* | 0.144 | 0.964** | |
新春44号 Xinchun44 | 千粒重 | 0.585 | ||
穗粒数 | 0.736* | 0.323 | ||
产量 | 0.784* | 0.742* | 0.576 |
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