新疆农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (4): 616-624.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.04.004

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学·耕作栽培 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同树形对灰枣叶片光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响

王文军, 陈奇凌, 郑强卿, 王晶晶, 王振东   

  1. 新疆农垦科学院林园所,新疆石河子 832000
  • 收稿日期:2020-01-29 出版日期:2021-04-20 发布日期:2021-04-25
  • 通信作者: 陈奇凌(1970-),男,四川南充人,研究员,研究方向为林木栽培与生理生态,(E-mail)Cql619@163.com
  • 作者简介:王文军(1992-),男,四川南充人,硕士,研究方向为果树优质高效栽培生理,(E-mail)835024432@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆生产建设兵团重大科技项目“特色林果业(红枣、苹果、香梨和葡萄)简约栽培标准化模式研究与示范”(2019AA004);新疆南疆科研条件建设计划项目(2020DA004)

Effects of Different Tree Shapes on Photosynthetic and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics of Ziziphus Jujuba cv. Huizao Leaves

WANG Wenjun, CHEN Qiling, ZHENG Qiangqing, WANG Jingjing, WANG Zhendong   

  1. Forest Garden Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi Xinjiang 832000, China
  • Received:2020-01-29 Online:2021-04-20 Published:2021-04-25
  • Correspondence author: CHEN Qiling (1970-), male, born in Nanchong, Sichuan Province, researcher, research direction: forest cultivation and physiological ecology, (E-mail) cql619@163.com|
  • Supported by:
    Major S & T Project of XPCC “Study and Demonstration Extension of Simplified Cultivation Standard Mode in Characteristic Forest and Fruit Industry (Red Jujube, Apple, Fragrant Pear and Grape”(2019AA004);South Xinjiang cientific research conditions construction project (2020da004)

摘要: 【目的】 研究灰枣树形改造后的篱壁形、主干形、Y形与原树形小冠疏层形的光合特性、叶绿素荧光特性,获得具有高光效能的枣树树形,为简约标准化的枣树形栽培模式提供技术参考。【方法】 利用LI-6400XT光合分析仪和超便携式调制叶绿素荧光仪MINI-PAM-II,分别测定4种不同树形的4~5a生灰枣树的光合与叶绿素荧光参数,分析光合与叶绿素荧光参数的相关性。【结果】 光合特性中,不同树形的光合参数Pn、Gs、Ci和Tr均存在一定差异。随着PAR逐渐增强,各树形的Pn均会升高。当PAR在0~500 μmol/(m2·s)左右时,Y形的Pn值最高且增速最大,其次为篱壁形、主干形和对照(CK);在500 μmol/(m2·s)以上时,篱壁形的Pn最高,其次为主干形、Y形和对照(CK)。相对于CK,篱壁形、主干形和Y形的Gs、Tr值较高,Ci则较低,其中篱壁形的Gs、Tr最高,Ci最低,为0.202、6.563 mmol/(m2·s)和196.79 μmol/mol,其次为主干形和Y形,对照(CK)的Gs、Tr最低,Ci最高,分别为0.171、4.828 mmol/(m2·s)和246.25 μmol/mol。叶绿素荧光参数中,不同树形间的Fv/Fm、ΦPSII、qP、NPQ和ETR均存在一定差异,其中篱壁形的Fv/Fm、ΦPSII、qP和ETR值>主干形>Y形>对照(CK),而NPQ相反,且篱壁形Fv/Fm、ΦPSII、qP和ETR值最大,NPQ值最小,分别为0.81、0.55、0.763、53.52和2.88;对照(CK)为0.73、0.45、0.693、38.53和3.51。篱壁形的光能转化效率均高于主干形、Y形和对照(CK)。从Pn与叶绿素荧光参数相关性可知,Pn与Fv/Fm、ФPSII、qP之间存在极显著的正相关,而与NPQ呈极显著的负相关,且Pn与qP、Fv/Fm相关性要比ФPSII和NPQ更为密切。【结论】 在株行距为(1×4.5) m下改造的3个树形当中,篱壁形是具有较好的高光效能树形,其次为主干形,Y形次之。

关键词: 树形; 灰枣; 光合特性; 叶绿素荧光特性; 相关性

Abstract: 【Objective】 Taking Ziziphus Jujuba cv. Huizao as the test material, through the comparison of photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of hedgerow wall shape, trunk shape, Y shape (test group) and original small crown sparse layer shape (control CK), as well as the correlation analysis of photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters to obtain the jujube tree shape with high light efficiency and to determine the simplified standardized jujube tree shape cultivation mode and provide technical reference and theoretical basis. 【Methods】 Using li-6400xt photosynthetic analyzer and mini-pam-II, the photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of 4-5-year-old grey jujube trees with different tree shapes were measured. 【Results】 In photosynthetic characteristics, Pn, Gs, Ci and Tr of different tree shapes were different. It could be seen from the light response curve that the PN of each tree increased with the increase of PAR. When PAR was about 0-500 μmol/(m2·s), the Pn value of Y-shape was the highest and the growth rate was the fastest, followed by hedge shape, trunk shape and control (CK); when par was above 500 μmol/(m2·s), the Pn value of hedge shape was the highest, followed by main stem shape, Y-shape and control (CK). Compared with CK, Gs and Tr of hedgerow, trunk and Y-shape were higher, while Ci was lower. Gs and Tr of hedgerow were the highest, Ci was the lowest, which were 0.202, 6.563 mmol/(m2·s) and 196.79 μmol/mol, followed by the main trunk and Y-shape. Gs and Tr of CK are the lowest, Ci was the highest, which were 0.171, 4.828 mmol/(m2·s) and 246.25 μmol/mol, respectively. Among the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, qP, NPQ and ETR of different tree shapes were different, among which Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, qP and ETR of hedgerow were higher than that of trunk >Y> CK, while NPQ was the opposite, and Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, qP and ETR of hedgerow were the highest, NPQ was the lowest, 0.81, 0.55, 0.763, 53.52 and 2.88, respectively; CK was 0.73, 0.45, 0.693, 38.53 and 3.51, respectively. It could be seen that the light conversion efficiency of hedgerow was higher than that of the trunk, Y and CK, and it could be seen from the correlation between Pn and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters that Pn had a very significant positive correlation with Fv/Fm, ФPSII, qP, and a very significant negative correlation with NPQ, and the correlation between Pn and qP, Fv/Fm was closer than that between ФPSII and NPQ. 【Conclusion】 Among the three tree shapes transformed under the row spacing of (1×4.5) m, the hedge wall shape is the tree shape with better high light efficiency, followed by the trunk shape and the Y shape.

Key words: tree shape; Ziziphus Jujuba cv. Huizao; photosynthetic characteristics; chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics; relevance

中图分类号: 


ISSN 1001-4330 CN 65-1097/S
邮发代号:58-18
国外代号:BM3342
主管:新疆农业科学院
主办:新疆农业科学院 新疆农业大学 新疆农学会

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