滴施硅肥对棉花生长发育和产量品质的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.11.005

新疆农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (11): 1998-2003.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.11.005

滴施硅肥对棉花生长发育和产量品质的影响

张大伟¹, 魏鑫¹, 徐海江¹, 马清倩¹, 李春平¹, 刘忠山¹, 吕晓庆², 王海霞², 徐建辉¹

1.新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091;
2.玛纳斯县农业技术推广中心,新疆玛纳斯 832200

收稿日期:2020-03-15 出版日期:2020-11-20 发布日期:2020-10-23
通信作者: 徐建辉(1959-),女,新疆吉木萨尔人,研究员,研究方向为棉花育种与栽培,(E-mail) xujianhui1959@ 126.com
作者简介:张大伟(1980-),男,河南柘城人,副研究员,研究方向为棉花育种与栽培,(E-mail)zbzdw012@126.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“棉花化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(2017YFD0201904) ; 自治区公益性科研机构基本业务经费“基于陆地棉和毛棉导入系群体定位纤维品质和产量性状的QTL”(KY2019002);中国科学院“西部之光”青年学者项目(2016-QNXZ-B-20)

Effects of Silicon Fertilizer on Cotton Growth, Yield and Quality

ZHANG Dawei¹, WEI Xin¹, XU Haijiang¹, MA Qingqian¹, LI Chunping¹, LIU Zhongshan¹, LÜ Xiaoqing², WANG Haixia², XU Jianhui¹

1. Research Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091;
2. Xinjiang Manas Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Manas Xinjiang 832200, China

Received:2020-03-15 Online:2020-11-20 Published:2020-10-23
Correspondence author: Xu Jianhui (1959-), female, Jimusar, Xinjiang, researcher, research direction: Cotton breeding and cultivation,(E-mail) xujianhui1959@ 126.com
Supported by:
Supported by the National Key R & D Program Project "Integrated Research and Demonstration of Pesticide Reduction Technology for Cotton Fertilizer" (2017YDF0201900)and Supported by Basic Scientific R & D Program of Public Welfare Research Institutions of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China "the QTL Based on Population Orientation Fiber Quality and Yield Traits in Gossypium hirsutum L. and Velvet Apple"(KY2019002);The West Light Talents Cultivation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (2016-QNXZ-B-20)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】 研究施用硅肥对棉花生长发育、产量以及纤维品质的影响,为棉花提质增效提供理论依据。【方法】 分别在棉花蕾期和开花期滴施硅肥,每隔10 d调查棉花的生长发育情况,吐絮期测产调查,取样考种,纤维检测,分析施用硅肥与对照(CK)棉田在生长发育、产量和纤维品质方面的差异。【结果】 滴施硅肥处理的株高低于对照;现蕾速度、蕾转化为铃的速度和数量、果枝生长速度和数量高于对照。滴施硅肥的棉花各产量性状均优于对照。除单铃重略有增加,差异不显著外(P＞0.05),滴施硅肥的棉花单株铃数、衣分、籽棉产量、皮棉产量与对照均达到显著性差异(P＞0.05)。纤维上半部长度和伸长率有较小水平的提高,断裂比强度、马克隆值和整齐度有所降低,差异不显著。【结论】 硅肥可以加快棉花生长发育的速度、提高棉花的产量和品质。

关键词: 硅肥; 棉花; 生长发育; 产量; 品质

Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the effect of silicon fertilizer application on cotton growth, yield and fiber quality in the hope of providing theoretical basis for improving cotton quality and efficiency.【Methods】 The growth and development of cotton were investigated every 10 days by applying silicon fertilizer in bud stage and flowering stage, respectively. The yield of cotton was measured in boll stage; The samples and the fiber were tested; The differences of growth and development, yield and fiber quality between silicon fertilizer and CK cotton field were studied.【Results】 The plant height of drip silicon fertilizer treatment was lower than that of the control, and the speed and quantity of budding, the speed and quantity of bud transforming into boll, the growth speed and quantity of fruit branch were higher than those of the control. The yield characters of cotton treated with silicon fertilizer were better than those of the control. Except for the slight increase of single boll weight, the difference was not significant (P > 0.05), the boll number per plant, lint percentage, seed cotton yield and lint yield of cotton treated with silicon fertilizer were significantly different from those of the control (P > 0.05). The length and elongation of the upper half of the fiber increased slightly, while the breaking strength, micronaire value and uniformity decreased, but the difference was not significant.【Conclusion】 Silicon fertilizer can accelerate the growth and development of cotton and improve the yield and quality of cotton.

Key words: silicon fertilizer; cotton; growth and development; yield; quality

中图分类号:

S562

张大伟, 魏鑫, 徐海江, 马清倩, 李春平, 刘忠山, 吕晓庆, 王海霞, 徐建辉. 滴施硅肥对棉花生长发育和产量品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(11): 1998-2003.

ZHANG Dawei, WEI Xin, XU Haijiang, MA Qingqian, LI Chunping, LIU Zhongshan, LÜ Xiaoqing, WANG Haixia, XU Jianhui. Effects of Silicon Fertilizer on Cotton Growth, Yield and Quality[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 57(11): 1998-2003.

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滴施硅肥对棉花生长发育和产量品质的影响

Effects of Silicon Fertilizer on Cotton Growth, Yield and Quality

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