新型氮肥对膜下滴灌玉米产量、氮素吸收及利用率的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.01.002

新疆农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (1): 12-19.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.01.002

新型氮肥对膜下滴灌玉米产量、氮素吸收及利用率的影响

李源¹, 张炎^1,2, 哈丽哈什·依巴提^1,2, 张梦婕¹, 李青军^1,2

1. 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091;
2. 农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2019-08-06 出版日期:2020-01-20 发布日期:2020-02-06
通信作者: 李青军(1979-),男,河南人,副研究员,博士,研究方向为植物营养肥料,(E-mail)gyq@163.com
作者简介:李源(1987-),男,新疆人,助理研究员,研究方向为农业信息技术,(E-mail)liyuan586287@126.com
基金资助:
农业部植物营养与肥料学科群开放基金(APF2015035)

Effects of New-Type Urea On Yield,Nitrogen Uptake and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Drip Irrigated Maize under Plastic Film Mulching

LI Yuan¹, ZHANG Yan^1,2, Haliha Yibati^1,2, ZHANG Mengjie¹, LI Qingjun^1,2

1. Research Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation, XiXinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Desert-Oasis Crop Physiology, Ecology and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Urumqi 830091, China

Received:2019-08-06 Online:2020-01-20 Published:2020-02-06
Correspondence author: Li Qingjun: (1979 -), male, Henan Xinxiang, Doctor, Associate Research Fellow, Research area: Corp nutrient management and fertilization techniques. (E-mail)gyqc@163.com
Supported by:
Supported by Open Fund for Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science of Ministry of Agriculture (APF2015035)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】比较不同新型尿素在膜下滴灌玉米上的肥效差异,筛选最佳的新型尿素类型。【方法】设置7个处理:不施氮肥、常规尿素、聚能网尿素、腐殖酸尿素、含锌尿素、控失尿素和常规尿素加锌。各处理施用等量氮磷钾,控失尿素全部基施,其他处理尿素30%作基肥,70%后期随水滴施,磷钾肥全部基施。在成熟期测定其生物量、产量和氮肥吸收利用率和土壤中铵态氮、硝态氮含量。【结果】与普通尿素相比,新型尿素处理后玉米产量增加6.32%~9.62%,地上部干物质量增加5.62%~13.43%,差异显著。其中控失尿素增产效果最为明显,比普通尿素增加13.43%;与普通尿素相比,新型尿素处理后氮肥利用提高3.26%~8.28%,控失尿素氮肥利用率最高;新型肥料均有利于提高0~40 cm土壤铵态氮和硝态氮累积,其中控失尿素处理后效果最好。【结论】施用控失尿素,棉花产量提高9.62%,地上干物质量提高13.43%,氮肥利用率提高8.28%,应用效果最好。

关键词: 玉米; 新型氮肥; 氮素吸收; 氮素利用率

Abstract: 【Objective】 To compare the difference of the efficiencies of different new urea in the drip irrigated maize under plastic film mulching in the hope of selecting the best new urea type. 【Method】 One-year field trials were conducted with seven treatments including no N fertilizer, common urea, polyaspartic acid urea, humic acid urea, zinc urea, loss-controlled urea, common urea add Zn.Each treatment applied the same amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Loss-controlled urea was all applied as the base fertilizer before transplanting. 30% of urea was used as base fertilizer in other treatments, and 70% was applied with drip irrigation. All P, K, Zn fertilizers were applied as base fertilizer before transplanting. The cotton biomass, yield, N uptake and N utilization were measured in the mature period. 【Result】 Compared with the common urea, the yields of new-type urea increased by 6.32% - 9.62%, and dry matter of the ground increased by 5.62% - 13.43%, showing a significant difference. Among them, the loss-controlled urea significantly increased the yield of maize by 13.43%. Compared with the common urea, application of the new type urea also increased N average utilization rates by 3.26% - 8.28%. The nitrogen fertilizer efficiency of loss-controlled urea is the highest. The result also indicated that the accumulations of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the 0-40 cm soil layer were increased by applying new type urea.【Conclusion】 Therefore, The Loss controlled urea in the xin lian xin new type urea is the most effective way,The yield increased by 9.62%, the dry matter increased by 13.43%, and the utilization rate of fertilizer increased by 8.28%. to improve the utilization rate and efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer in maize in Xinjiang.

Key words: drip irrigation maize; new-type urea; nitrogen uptake; nitrogen use efficiency

中图分类号:

S513

李源, 张炎, 哈丽哈什·依巴提, 张梦婕, 李青军. 新型氮肥对膜下滴灌玉米产量、氮素吸收及利用率的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(1): 12-19.

LI Yuan, ZHANG Yan, Haliha Yibati, ZHANG Mengjie, LI Qingjun. Effects of New-Type Urea On Yield,Nitrogen Uptake and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Drip Irrigated Maize under Plastic Film Mulching[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 57(1): 12-19.

参考文献

[1] 张玉娥, 杨习文, 王勇,等. 耕作模式与氮肥运筹对土壤主要理化性状及作物产量的影响[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2018, 36(1):186-193.
ZHANG Yue, YANG Xiwen, WANG Yong, et al. Effects of tillage and nitrogen fertilization regimes on main physicochemical properties of soil and crop yield [J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2018, 36(1):186-193.
[2] 哈丽哈什依巴提, 张炎, 李青军,等. 不同施氮量对棉花产量、养分吸收分配及利用的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2017, 54(8):1422-1428.
Halihashi Yibati,ZHANG Yan,LI Qing jun,et al. Effects of Different Nitrogen Rates on Cotton Yield, Nutrient Uptake,Distribution and Utilization[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 54(8):1422-1428.
[3] 杨长琴, 张国伟, 刘瑞显,等. 氮肥运筹对麦后直播棉光合性能、生物量、氮素累积及产量的影响[J]. 江苏农业学报, 2017,(5):1028-1035.
YANG Changqin, ZHANG Guowei, LIU Ruixian, et al. Effects of nitrogen management on photosynthesis,biomass,nitrogen accumulation and yield traits of field-seeded cotton after barley harvest [J]. Jiangsu J.of Agr. Sci., 2017,(5):1028-1035.
[4] 李兴杰, 胡笑涛, 杨鑫, 等. 腐植酸对水培生菜生长和品质的影响[J]. 西北农业学报, 2016, 25(11):1679-1685.
LI Xin jie, HU Xiaotao, YANG Xing, et al. Effect of Humic acid Application on Growth and Quality of lettuce in Hydroponic culture[J]. Acta agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 2016, 25(11):1679-1685.
[5] 窦海涛, 石洪亮, 李春艳, 等. 非充分灌溉下氮肥对棉花蕾铃消减及产量的影响[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2018, 36(2):86-92.
DOU Hai tao, SHI Hong liang,LI Chun yan,et al. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on cotton bud and boll reduction and yield under non sufficient drop irrigation [J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2018, 36(2):86-92.
[6] 李鹏程, 董合林, 刘爱忠, 等. 施氮量对棉花功能叶片生理特性、氮素利用效率及产量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 2015,23(1):81-91.
LI Pengcheng, DONG Helin, LIU Aizhong, et al. Effects of nitrogen application rates on physiological characteristics of functional leaves, nitrogen use efficiency and yield of cotton[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, 2015, 23(1):81-91.
[7] 周丽平, 杨俐苹, 白由路, 等. 不同氮肥缓释化处理对夏玉米田间氨挥发和氮素利用的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2016, 22(6):1449-1457.
ZHOU Liping, YANG Liping, BAI Youlu, et al. Comparison of several slowreleased nitrogen fertilizers in volatilization and nitrogen utilization in summer maize field [J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, 2016, 22(6): 1449-1457.
[8] 孙旭东, 孙浒, 董树亭,等. 包膜尿素施用时期对夏玉米产量和氮素积累特性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2017, 50(11):2179-2188.
SUN Xudong, SUN Hu, DONG Shuting, et al. Effectof coated-urea application times on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of summer maize [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(11): 2179-2188.
[9] 张艳菲, 王晨阳, 李世莹, 等. 控失尿素养分释放特性研究[J]. 磷肥与复肥, 2017, 32(3):11-12.
ZHANG YANfei, WANG Chenyang, LI Shiyin, et al. Study on nutrient release mechanism of loss-control urea [J]. Phosphate & Compound Fertilizer, 2017,32(3): 11-12.
[10] 薛欣欣, 吴小平, 张永发,等. 控失尿素对稻田氨挥发、氮素转运及利用效率的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(1):133-140.
XUE Xinxin, WU Xiaoping, ZHANG Yongfa, et al. Effects of loss-controlled urea on ammonia volatilization,N translocation and utilization efficiency in paddy rice [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(1):133-140.
[11] 许俊香, 邹国元, 孙钦平,等. 腐植酸尿素对土壤氨挥发和玉米生长的影响[J]. 土壤通报, 2013, 44(4):934-939.
XU Junxiang, ZOU Guoyuan, SUN Qinping, et al. Effects of mixinghumic acid and urea on ammonia volatilization and maize growth [J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2013, 44(4): 934-939.
[12] 张运红, 孙克刚, 杜君, 等. 不同增效氮肥品种及用量对玉米幼苗生长、光合特性及养分吸收的影响[J]. 磷肥与复肥, 2017, 32(4):32-35.
ZHANG Yunhong, SUN Kegang, DU Jun, et al. Effects of type and amount of synergistic nitrogen fertilizers on growth, photosynthetic characteristics and nutrient uptake of maize seedlings [J]. Phosphate & Compound Fertilizer, 2017, 32(4):32-35.
[13] 刘艳丽, 丁方军, 谷端银,等. 不同活化处理腐植酸-尿素对褐土小麦-玉米产量及有机碳氮矿化的影响[J]. 土壤, 2015, 47(1):42-48.
LIU YANli, DING Fangjun, GU Duanyin, et al. Characteristics of Wheat-Maize Yield and Soil Organic Carbon/Nitrogen Mineralization in Cinnamon Soil with Application of Different Activation Humic Acid-Urea [J]. Soil, 2015, 47(1):42-48.
[14] 张富仓,严富来,范兴科. 滴灌施肥水平对宁夏春玉米产量和水肥利用效率的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(22):111-120.
ZHANG Fucang, YAN Fulai, FAN Xingke. Effects of irrigation and fertilization levels on grain yield and water-fertilizer use efficiency of drip-fertigation spring maize in Ningxia [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018, 34(22):111-120.
[15] 刘红恩, 张胜男, 刘世亮, 等. 腐植酸尿素对冬小麦产量、养分吸收利用和土壤养分的影响[J]. 西北农业学报, 2018,(7):944-952.
LIU Hongen, ZHANG Shennan, LIU Shiliang, et al. Effect of Humic acid urea on grain yield, nutrient uptake and utilization and soil nutrient of winter wheat [J]. Acta agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 2018,(7):944-952.
[16] 王宜伦, 李潮海, 谭金芳. 等.超高产夏玉米植株氮素积累特征及一次性施肥效果研究[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(15):3151-3158.
WANG Yilun, LI Chaohai, TAN Jinfang, et al. Studies on Plant Nitrogen Accumulation Characteristics and the Effect of Single Application of Base Fertilizer on Super-High-Yield Summer Maize [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2010, 43(15):3151-3158.
[17] 韩金玲, 李雁鸣, 马春英,等. 施锌对小麦开花后氮、磷、钾、锌积累和运转的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2006, 12(3):313-320.
HAN Jinling, LI Yanming, MA Chunying. Effect of zinc fertilization on accumulation and transportation of N, P , K and Zn after anthesis of wheat [J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2006, 12(3):313-320.
[18] 马腾飞, 李青军, 张炎, 等. 控失尿素施用量及不同配比对棉花产量与氮肥利用的影响[J].新疆农业科学2018, 55( 5):813-820.
MA Tengfei, LI Qingjun, ZHANG Yan, et al. Effects of Application Amount and Different Proportion of Loss-Control Urea on Nitrogen Fertilizer Use Efficiency and Yield of Cotton [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 55(5):813-820.
[19] 廖红, 严小龙. 高级植物营养学[M]. 北京: 科学出版社: 2003:227-230.
LIAO Hong, YAN Xiao long. Advanced plant nutrition [M]. Beijing: Science Press,2003:227-230.
[20] 刘增兵, 赵秉强, 林治安. 腐植酸尿素氨挥发特性及影响因素研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2010, 16(1):208-213.
LIU Zengbing, ZHAO Bingqiang, LIN Zhian. Ammonia volatilization characteristics and related affecting factors of humic acid urea [J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2010, 16(1):208-213.
[21] 钱惠祥,孙明强,严玉娟. 腐植酸包裹型长效尿素肥效机理初步研究[J].土壤肥料, 2002 , (1):34-36
QIAN Huixiang, SUN Mingqiang, YAN Yujuan. Prelininary Studies about Fertilizing Value Mechanism of UHA[J]. China soil, 2002 , (1):34-36
[22] Akhtar K, Shah S N M, Ali A, et al. Effects of humic acid and crop residues on soil and wheat nitrogen contents [J]. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2014, 5(9): 1277-1284.
[23] 杨威,梅沛沛,井宇航,等.几种新型肥料对玉米产量和氮磷吸收的影响[J]河南科技学院学报, 2017, 45(5):8-15
YANG Wei, MEI Peipei, JING YUhang, et al. Effects of several new fertilizers on maize yield and nitrogen and phosphorus uptake [J]. Journal of Henan Institute of Science and Technology, 2017, 45(5):8-15
[24] 金辉, 韩伟宏, 马慧敏,等. 中低产田新型氮肥田间肥效研究[J]. 山西农业科学, 2017, 45(9):1499-1502.
JIN Hui, HAN Weihong ,MA Huimin, et al. Chemical Fertilizer Reduction and Organic Fertilizer Supplement to Improve the Yield and Sugar Content of Muskmelon in Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 54(8):1450-1459.

新型氮肥对膜下滴灌玉米产量、氮素吸收及利用率的影响

Effects of New-Type Urea On Yield,Nitrogen Uptake and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Drip Irrigated Maize under Plastic Film Mulching

PDF下载

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	王挺, 张力, 张凡凡, 黄嵘峥, 李肖, 张玉琳, 陈永成, 赵建涛, 马春晖. 适合青贮的玉米品种生产性能筛选及营养价值评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(7): 1596-1605.
[2]	陈占辉, 孙强, 任姣姣, 黄博文, 许加波, 杨杰, 吴鹏昊. 玉米叶宽的QTL定位及全基因组选择分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(7): 1606-1613.
[3]	蓝陈仪航, 姚禹博, 周俊祥, 付开赟, 丁新华, 尹晓辉, 刘文, 王娜, 郭文超, 邓建宇. 亚洲玉米螟性信息素鉴定及其应用研究进展[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(7): 1614-1622.
[4]	邵盘霞, 赵准, 邵武奎, 郝晓燕, 高升旗, 李建平, 胡文冉, 黄全生. 玉米ZmCDPK22基因在干旱胁迫下的表达分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(6): 1372-1378.
[5]	陆晏天, 桑志勤, 徐灿, 张力, 夏春兰, 王友德, 李伟, 陈树宾. 历年新疆和宁夏审定玉米品种主要性状的演化及品种审定现状分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(6): 1379-1388.
[6]	杨明花, 刘强, 廖必勇, 彭云承, 布阿依夏木·那曼提, 达吾来·杰克山. 不完全双列杂交玉米组合抗倒伏综合评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(4): 832-840.
[7]	周广威, 韩登旭, 朱琦, 张少民. 耐低磷新疆春玉米基因型筛选及其磷效率[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(4): 847-856.
[8]	陈果, 郝晓燕, 高升旗, 胡文冉, 赵准, 黄全生. 玉米钙依赖蛋白激酶全基因组鉴定及抗旱表达分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(4): 857-864.
[9]	董秀丽, 韩登旭, 杨杰, 阿布来提·阿布拉, 戴爱梅, 李俊杰, 王业建, 刘俊, 郗浩江, 梁晓玲, 李铭东. 密植条件下玉米主要农艺性状的综合性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(4): 865-871.
[10]	侯良忠, 郭同军, 张俊瑜, 苏玲玲, 古再丽努尔·艾麦提, 温小燕, 朱晓芳, 杨建中, 王文奇. 不同比例籽用西葫芦皮瓤与玉米秸秆混贮效果评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(3): 567-573.
[11]	马腾飞, 李杰, 王纯武, 娄善伟, 帕尔哈提·买买提, 何红, 边洋, 张鹏忠. 布管方式和施氮量对机采棉生物量、氮肥利用率及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(12): 2885-2891.
[12]	段燕燕, 胡静, 祁炳琴, 潘志远, 吴昊楠, 勾玲. 正反交对玉米杂交种茎秆抗倒伏性能及种植密度的响应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(12): 2949-2961.
[13]	张伟, 靳范, 李谦绪, 张俊三, 翟修萍, 王善博. 玉米籽粒联合收获机清选装置优化设计与试验[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(12): 3102-3112.
[14]	唐怀君, 谢小清, 张磊, 孙宝成, 杨杰, 刘成. 283份玉米田间抗旱性鉴定与筛选[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(11): 2687-2693.
[15]	谢小清, 唐怀君, 张磊, 孙宝成, 刘成. 玉米果穗性状及其抗旱性随灌水量的变化规律[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(10): 2412-2418.