新疆农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (11): 2079-2089.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.11.014

• 土壤肥料·林业·贮藏加工·植物保护·畜牧·农业经济 • 上一篇    下一篇

荒漠绿洲区甘薯田杂草组成及其群落特征

张航1, 林宁1,2, 陈利1,3, 付开赟1, 金平4, 刘恩良4, 高海峰1   

  1. 1.新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/农业部库尔勒作物有害生物科学观测实验站,乌鲁木齐 830091;
    2.新疆农业大学科学技术学院,乌鲁木齐 830091;
    3.新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830091;
    4.新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830091
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-01 出版日期:2019-11-20 发布日期:2019-12-09
  • 通信作者: 高海峰(1983-),男,河南人,副研究员,研究方向为粮食作物病虫草害防治,(E-mail)ghf20044666@163.com
    刘恩良(1984-),男,河南人,副研究员,研究方向为甘薯栽培与抗逆鉴定,(E-mail)liuenliang_513@163.com
  • 作者简介:张航(1987-),男,吉林人,助理研究员,研究方向为农作物病虫草害防治,(E-mail)4zhanghang@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    自治区创新环境(人才、基地)建设专项天山创新团队计划(甘薯抗旱鉴定与评价创新团队)

Preliminary Study on Weed Species Composition and Community Characteristics in Sweet Potato Field in Desert Oasis Region of Southern Xinjiang

ZHANG Hang 1, LIN Ning1,2, CHEN Li1,3, FU Kai-yun1, JIN Ping4, LIU En-liang4, GAO Hai-feng1   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Intergraded Management of Harmful Crop Vermin in China North-Western Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture, P.R.China / Research Institute of Plant Protection / Scientific Experimental Station for Integrated Crop Pest Management in Korla, Ministry of Agriculture , P.R.China, Korla Xinjiang 841000, China;
    2.College of Science and Technology, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091,China;
    3.College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091,China;
    4.Institute of Grain Crop, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091,China
  • Received:2019-08-01 Online:2019-11-20 Published:2019-12-09
  • Correspondence author: GAO Hai-feng (1983-), male, associate research fellow, disease, pest and weed control of grain crops,(E-mail)ghf20044666@163.com
    LIU En-liang (1984-), male, associate research fellow, Cultivation of sweet potato and identification of resistance ,(E-mail)liuenliang_513@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Supported by Innovation Environments (Talents, Bases) Construction Special Tianshan Innovation Team Plan of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China "Sweet Potato Drought Resistance Identification and Evaluation Innovation Team "

摘要: 目的】 研究新疆荒漠绿洲区甘薯田杂草组成及群落特征,为科学防控甘薯田杂草提供理论依据。【方法】 采用倒置W法9点取样,对新疆荒漠绿洲区甘薯田杂草进行系统的调查。【结果】 新疆荒漠绿洲区甘薯田杂草有46种,隶属于19科42属,其中禾本科10种、菊科8种、藜科5种、豆科3种、蓼科3种,其它科1~2种。相对多度大于1的杂草有20种,其中优势杂草有7种,分别为马唐Digitaria sanguinalis、马齿苋Portulaca oleracea、稗草Echinochloa crusgalli、田旋花Convolvulus arvensis、反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus、藜Chenopodium album、无芒稗Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis,常见杂草有13种,分别为龙葵Solanum nigrum、野西瓜苗Hibiscus trionum、牛筋草Eleusine indica、小画眉草Eragrostis minor、狗尾草Setaria viridis、苣荬菜Sonchus arvensis、芦苇Phragmites communis、苦苣菜Sonchus arvensis、曼陀罗Datura stramonium、大蓟Cirsium japonicum、虎尾草Chloris virgata、节节草Equisetum ramosissimum和艾蒿Artemisia argyi,还分布有一般性杂草26种。【结论】 优势杂草中危害最重的杂草是马唐、马齿苋和稗草,其相对多度分别为16.29、13.27和11.36。核桃-甘薯间作甘薯田杂草群落优势集中性指数为0.18,高于甘薯单作田,而杂草群落多样性指数和均匀度指数分别为2.25和0.60,低于甘薯单作田。

关键词: 甘薯田; 荒漠绿洲; 杂草组成; 群落结构

Abstract: Objective】 To clarify the weed species composition and community structure in sweet potato fields in desert oasis region of Xinjiang. 【Method】 The weeds of sweet potato fields were investigated using the method of inverted W-pattern with 9 sampling points.【Result】 The results showed that 46 weed species belonged to 42 genera of 19 families in sweet potato fields in desert oasis region of Xinjiang. There were 10 species of Gramineae, 8 species of Compositae, 5 species of Chenopodiaceae, 3 species of Leguminosae, 3 species of Polygonaceae and 1-2 species of other families. There were 20 species of weeds whose relative abundance were more than 1. The dominant weeds in sweet potato fields were Digitaria sanguinalis, Portulaca oleracea, Echinochloa crusgalli, Convolvulus arvensis, Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album and Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis. The common weeds were Solanum nigrum, Hibiscus trionum, Eleusine indica, Eragrostis minor, Setaria viridis, Sonchus arvensis, Phragmites communis, Sonchus arvensis, Datura stramonium, Cirsium japonicum, Chloris virgata, Equisetum ramosissimum and Artemisia argyi, the other 26 weed species were normal weeds. Among the dominant weeds, the most harmful weeds were Digitaria sanguinalis, Portulaca oleracea, Echinochloa crusgalli, the relative abundance of which were 16.29, 13.27 and 11.36.【Conclusion 】 The dominant index of weed community in walnut-sweet potato intercropping field was 0.18, higher than that in sweet potato monocropping field, while the diversity index and evenness index of weed community were 2.25 and 0.60, lower than those in sweet potato monocropping field, respectively. This indicated that the dominant weeds were concentrated in walnut-sweet potato intercropping field, and the damage was higher than that in sweet potato monoculture field. The weed species and community structure in sweet potato fields in desert oasis region of Xinjiang were clarified, which provided a theoretical basis for the scientific control of weeds in sweet potato fields.

Key words: sweet potato fields; desert oasis; weed species composition; community

中图分类号: 


ISSN 1001-4330 CN 65-1097/S
邮发代号:58-18
国外代号:BM3342
主管:新疆农业科学院
主办:新疆农业科学院 新疆农业大学 新疆农学会

出版单位:《新疆农业科学》编辑部
地址:乌鲁木齐市南昌路403号新疆农业科学院
邮编:830091
电话:0991-4502046
E-mail:xjnykx-h@xaas.ac.cn


版权所有 © 《新疆农业科学》编辑部
本系统由北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司设计开发
总访问量: 今日访问: 在线人数:
网站
微信公众号
淘宝购买
微店购买