关键词: 心皮发育; 花器官; 基因调控; 分子生物学

Abstract: 【Objective】 Carpel is an important female organ in flowering plants, and it as a focus was researched in crop plants development. The origin of the carpel development, the function and development of the carpel, the quantity heredity of carpel and the adjust of hormone, and the gene to control of the carpel development, then the result were summarized the research progress on recent advances in china and abroad. The aim to as a guide for improvement the multi-carpel variety in crop. 【Methods】 The research progress of plant carpels that from the literature databases of china and abroad, then was consulted and analyzed. 【Result】 At present, there have two theories about the origin of carpel: one the theory of carpel and another theory of reproductive leaf; the carpel can protects ovules, receives pollen and makes some egg cells to fertilize, save and disseminates seeds; the development process of carpel is usually folded and curled at the internal space in the organs of flowers, in which the ovules are wrapped and developed. The number of carpels is increase was steady. hormone have important function and effect the carpels development. Genes play an important role in regulating the number and development of carpel. 【Conclusion】As the key of pistil development in angiosperms, carpel is very important for the formation of yield traits. In the future, the study of carpel should focus on the whole process of carpel development. It is a feasible way to identify the functional genes regulating the number and development of carpel as soon as possible, and to breed multi-carpel, high-yield and high-quality varieties through gene improvement.

Key words: carpel development; flower organs; gene regulation; molecular biology