TDZ处理对棉花叶片脱落率及酶活性的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.06.001

新疆农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (6): 981-991.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.06.001

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子生物学 • 下一篇

TDZ处理对棉花叶片脱落率及酶活性的影响

刘康永, 焦玚, 赵福相, 刘娜, 陈全家, 高文伟, 曲延英

新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830052

出版日期:2019-06-20 发布日期:2019-08-08
通信作者: 曲延英(1962-),女,新疆乌鲁木齐人,教授,博士,研究方向为棉花遗传育种, (E-mail)383006047@qq.com
作者简介:刘康永(1991-),男,河北沧州人,硕士研究生,研究方向为棉花分子育种,(E-mail)525535234@qq.com
基金资助:
转基因生物新品种培育重大专项课题研究(2016ZX08005-004);新疆农业大学作物学重点学科发展基金2017年度项目(XNCDKY2017013);自治区重点研发计划“优质机采棉新品种选育与高质量种子生产加工技术研发”(2016B01001-3)

Effects of Spraying TDZ on Leaf Loss Rate and Leaf Enzyme Activity of Cotton

LIU Kang-yong, JIAO Yang, ZHAO Fu-xiang, LIU Na, CHEN Quan-jia, GAO Wen-wei, QU Yan-ying

College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China

Online:2019-06-20 Published:2019-08-08
Correspondence author: QU Yan-ying(1962-), female, Lixian County, Xinjiang Province, professor, doctor, mainly engaged in Cotton genetic breeding,(E-mail)383006047@qq.com
Supported by:
Supported bythe Major Special Project for the Cultivation of New Varieties of Genetically Modified Organisms (2016ZX08005-004); The Development Fund for Crop Discipline Key Project of Xinjiang Agricultural University in 2017(XNCDKY2017013);Autonomous Region Key R&D Program“ High-quality machine picking of new varieties of cotton and high-quality seed production and processing technology research and development” (2016B01001-3)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究棉花在 TDZ (Thidiazuron, TDZ)处理后叶片脱落的机制。【方法】以中棉所35号、新陆早19号、农大5号、XND1378和新陆早50号5个棉花品种为材料,于2017和2018年在塔城沙湾新疆农业大学棉花基地和塔城奎屯农七师农科所实验地,吐絮期分别设置两个处理 T1(大田喷施 TDZ 时间前4 d)和 T2(与大田处理时间相同), TDZ 处理后,研究脱叶率,根据脱叶率给5个棉花品种排序,于0、6、18、42、66和96 h测定叶托、叶片、叶柄的多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)和纤维素酶活性,统计叶片脱落率、吐絮率和棉花产量。【结果】喷施 TDZ 后,T1的棉花产量显著低于 CK 和 T2 (P＜0.05);两个处理下棉花各材料的脱落率和吐絮率均极显著高于 CK (P＜0.01);叶托的 PG 活性在6、18 、42、66和96 h五个时期显著高于 CK (P＜0.05);纤维素酶活性在6、66 和96 h三个时期显著高于 CK (P＜0.05),在18、42 h两个时期极显著高于 CK (P＜0.01)。【结论】中棉所35号和新陆早50号对TDZ最敏感,TDZ处理可调节脱落叶片的 PG 活性和纤维素酶活性,提高叶片脱落率,有利于棉花机械采收。

关键词: 棉花; TDZ; 脱落率; 多聚半乳糖醛酸酶; 纤维素酶

Abstract: 【Objective】 This project aims to study the mechanism of cotton leaf abscission after TDZ (Thidiazuron, TDZ) treatment.【Method】Five cotton varieties (Gossypium spp) were used as materials. In the cotton base of Shawan, Xinjiang Agricultural University in Tacheng and the experimental field of Kuitun Agricultural Institute of Agricultural Division 7 in Tacheng in 2017 and 2018, two treatments T1 (4 days before TDZ application in the field) and T2 (the same time as the treatment time in the field) were set during the boll opening period. After TDZ treatment, the defoliation rate was investigated and five materials were sorted according to it. The activities of polygalacturonase (PG) and cellulase were measured at 0 h, 6 h, 18 h, 42 h, 66 h and 96 h, and the rates of leaf abscission, bulling and cotton yield were also counted.【Result】The results showed that after spraying TDZ, the cotton yield of T1 was significantly lower than that of the CK and T2 (P < 0.05); the shedding rate and flocculation rate of cotton materials by the two treatments were significantly higher than that of the CK (P < 0.01); the PG activity of leaf receptacle was significantly higher than that of the CK (P < 0.05) at 6 h, 18 h, 42 h, 66 h and 96 h; and the cellulase activity was significantly higher than that of the CK (P < 0.05) at 6 h, 66 h and 96 h (P < 0.05), and at 18 h and 42 h, it was extremely higher that of the CK (P < 0.01). 【Conclusion】The results showed that CIRI 35 and Xinluzao 50 were most sensitive to TDZ. TDZ treatment could regulate the activity of PG and cellulase in the exfoliated leaves, improve the rate of leaf abscission, and facilitate the mechanical harvesting of cotton.

Key words: cotton; TDZ; abscission rate; polygalacturonase; cellulase

中图分类号:

S562

刘康永, 焦玚, 赵福相, 刘娜, 陈全家, 高文伟, 曲延英. TDZ处理对棉花叶片脱落率及酶活性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2019, 56(6): 981-991.

LIU Kang-yong, JIAO Yang, ZHAO Fu-xiang, LIU Na, CHEN Quan-jia, GAO Wen-wei, QU Yan-ying. Effects of Spraying TDZ on Leaf Loss Rate and Leaf Enzyme Activity of Cotton[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 56(6): 981-991.

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TDZ处理对棉花叶片脱落率及酶活性的影响

Effects of Spraying TDZ on Leaf Loss Rate and Leaf Enzyme Activity of Cotton

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