不同施肥量对枸杞生长、产量及外观品质的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.12.006

新疆农业科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (12): 2203-2211.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.12.006

不同施肥量对枸杞生长、产量及外观品质的影响

张彦红¹,魏彦宏²,郑国保²,王新勇³,刘国宏³,张源沛²,李苗²

1.新疆农业科学院拜城农业试验站,新疆拜城 842300;
2.宁夏农林科学院农业生物技术研究中心,宁夏银川 750002;
3.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2018-09-16 发布日期:2019-04-18
通信作者: 王新勇(1961-),男,浙江江山人,研究员,研究方向为废弃物资源利用,(E-mail)wxy838000@163.com
作者简介:张彦红(1976-),女,宁夏固原人,高级农艺师,研究方向为作物栽培,(E-mail)zhyh2002bch@126.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项(科技援疆计划)“新疆南疆地区枸杞高效水肥管理技术引进及应用”(2016E02025)

Effects of Different Fertilization Amounts on Growth, Yield and Appearance Quality of Lycium barbarum in Southern Xinjiang

ZHANG Yan-hong¹, WEI Yan-hong¹, ZHENG Guo-bao², WANG Xin-yong³, LIU Guo-hong³, ZHANG Yuan-pei², LI Miao²

1. Baicheng Agricultural Experiment Station, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baicheng, Xinjiang 842300,China;
2. Agricultural Bio-Technology Center, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750002,China;
3. Research Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China

Received:2018-09-16 Published:2019-04-18
Correspondence author: WANG Xin-yong(1961-),male,native plance:Jiangshan,Zhejiang,senior Researcher,reserchfield:Utilization of Waste Resources. (E-mail)wxy838000@163.com
Supported by:
Innovation Program of Regional Cooperation of Xinjiang(Science and Technology Supporting Xinjiang Proguam) “Introduction and application of effective water and fertilizer management technology of Lycium barbarum in southern Xinjiang ”(2016E02025)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】滴灌条件下研究不同施肥量对枸杞生长、叶绿素、果实产量和果实外观品质等的影响,为南疆地区枸杞合理施肥提供科学依据。【方法】以4年生宁杞1号枸杞为试验材料,共设5个处理,重复3次,设置不施肥(对照)、低肥、中肥、高肥和常规习惯施肥5个施肥水平,分别记为CK、F₁、F₂、F₃和F₄,各处理施肥量按照施肥量的30%、40%和30%分别在营养生长期、开花结果期和秋果期三个时期施肥,分析不同施肥量对土壤养分状况、植株净生长量、干鲜果产量、叶绿素含量和果实外观品质的影响。【结果】随着施肥量的增加,土壤表层养分累积增加,pH值呈下降趋势,总盐含量影响呈增加的趋势;施肥量的增加显著增加结果枝数、抽新枝数和最长新枝的数量;施肥量对产量影响显著,产量由高到低依次为F₃＞F₂＞F₄＞F₁＞CK;SPDA值随着施肥量的增加呈增加趋势,但随着生育进程的推进,SPDA值总体呈下降趋势;施肥量增加粒度、纵径和百粒重等呈增加趋势。【结论】在滴灌条件下,67.5 kg/667 m²(N∶P₂O₅∶K₂O=1∶0.75∶0.5)的施肥量可促进枸杞植株生长,提高果实产量和外观品质,是适宜于枸杞生长的施肥量。

关键词: 枸杞; 施肥量; 产量; 品质

Abstract: 【Objective】 This project aims to study the effects of different fertilization amounts on theLycium barbarum (wolfberry) growth, chlorophyll, fruit yield and fruit appearance quality under the condition of drip irrigation, in the hope of providing a scientific basis for rational fertilization in southern Xinjiang. 【Method】The 4-year-old "Ningqi No.1" was used as the experimental material, a total of 5 treatments were set up, which were repeated 3 times, and 5 fertilization levels were set up: no fertilization (control), low fertilizer level, medium fertilizer level, high fertilizer level and farmers' customary fertilization level. They were recorded as CK, F₁, F₂, F₃ and F₄. The fertilization amount of each treatment was fertilized in the vegetative growth period, the flowering result period and the autumn fruit period according to the 30%, 40% and 30% of the fertilization amount. The effects of different fertilization amounts on soil nutrient status, net growth of plant, dry fresh fruit yield, chlorophyll content and fruit appearance quality were analyzed.【Result】With the increase of fertilization amount, the soil surface nutrient accumulation increased, the pH value decreased, and the total salt content increased. The increase in the amount of fertilizer significantly increased the number of fruiting shoots, the number of new shoots and the number of longest new shoots; The amount of fertilizer applied had a significant effect on the yield. The yield from high to low was F₃>F₂>F₄>F₁>CK. The value of SPDA increased with the increase of fertilization. However, with the advancement of fertility, the value of SPDA decreased; With the advancement of fertility process, the SPDA value showed a downward trend in general. The particle size, longitudinal diameter and 100-grain weight increased with the increase of fertilizer application. 【Conclusion】Under the drip irrigation condition, the fertilization amount of 67.5 kg/667 m² (N: P₂O₅:K₂O=1:0.75:0.5) can promote the growth ofLycium barbarum plant and improve the yield and appearance quality, which is suitable for the growth ofLycium barbarum.

Key words: Lycium barbarum (wolfberry); fertilization amount; yield; quality

中图分类号:

S567

张彦红, 魏彦宏, 郑国保, 王新勇, 刘国宏, 张源沛, 李苗. 不同施肥量对枸杞生长、产量及外观品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(12): 2203-2211.

ZHANG Yan-hong, WEI Yan-hong, ZHENG Guo-bao, WANG Xin-yong, LIU Guo-hong, ZHANG Yuan-pei, LI Miao. Effects of Different Fertilization Amounts on Growth, Yield and Appearance Quality of Lycium barbarum in Southern Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 55(12): 2203-2211.

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不同施肥量对枸杞生长、产量及外观品质的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Amounts on Growth, Yield and Appearance Quality of Lycium barbarum in Southern Xinjiang

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