扁桃蔗糖合成酶对幼果生理脱落的响应研究

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.11.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】为扁桃蔗糖合成酶基因功能与幼果生理落果的关系。【方法】以新疆主栽品种纸皮扁桃生理落果期的正常果和即将脱落果实为试材,采用qRT-PCR法分析SuSy基因的表达模式,测定糖组分浓度和蔗糖合成酶活性。【结果】扁桃果实SuSy基因在不同发育期均有表达,且均在快速落果期(盛花后7~22 d)的高峰期(盛花后17 d)表达量达低值,而后逐渐升高;果实中葡萄糖浓度﹥果糖浓度﹥蔗糖蔗糖浓度,正常果的葡萄糖和果糖浓度均大于即将脱落果且与SuSy分解方向酶活性变化趋势一致,即将脱落果的蔗糖浓度始终大于正常果,即将脱落果中的蔗糖代谢出现异常;在落果高峰期(盛花后17 d),SuSy分解方向酶活性达峰值,之后随着营养竞争缓和而逐步降低,且正常果酶活性始终大于即将脱落果;SuSy合成方向酶活性在正常果中持续走低,直至落果后期库源竞争趋于缓和后缓慢升高,而即将脱落果的合成方向酶活性却在落果高峰期达峰值。【结论】扁桃幼果生理落果期SuSy酶主要在分解方向上起作用,其活性变化异常造成部分果实糖代谢紊乱导致脱落。

关键词: 扁桃; 生理落果; 蔗糖合成酶; 蔗糖代谢; 表达模式

Abstract: 【Objective】 To ascertain the relationship between the function of sucrose synthase gene and physiological fruit drop in almond.【Method】In this study, the normal fruit and soon falling fruit of 'Zhipi' almond, a main cultivar in Xinjiang, were used as the test material. The expression pattern of SuSy gene was analyzed by qRT-PCR and the concentration of sugar components and the activity of sucrose synthase were also measured.【Result】The results showed that: (1) SuSy gene expression was observed at all stages of fruit development, the expression level of SuSy was low at the peak period of physiological falling fruits (7-22 days after full bloom), and then gradually increased, indicating that SuSy expression was inhibited by nutritional competition; (2) In almond fruits, the proportion of the sugar components was as follows: glucose > fructose > sucrose. Contents of both glucose and fructose in normal fruits were greater than those in the impending shedding fruits, and the variation trends of these two sugars were consistent with the changes of SuSy enzyme activity in the decomposition direction. However, sucrose content in the impending shedding fruits was always higher than that in the normal fruits, indicating that the sucrose metabolism in the impending shedding fruit was disturbed; (3) During the peak period of fruit drop (17 days after full bloom), SuSy decomposition direction enzyme reached its peak, and then decreased gradually with the relaxation of nutrition competition, and in addition, SuSy activity in normal fruit enzyme was always higher than that in the impending shedding fruits. SuSy activity in synthetic direction continued to decline and begun to increase slowly at the later stage of falling fruits as the competition between sink and source tended to relax. However, in the impending shedding fruits, SuSy activity in synthetic direction reached the highest level at the peak of falling fruits.【Conclusion】It can be concluded that SuSy plays a role in the direction of decomposition during the almond physiological falling stage, and the abnormal change in SuSy activity results in sugar metabolism disorder in some fruits which causes the fruit shedding.

Key words: almond; fruit physiological drop; sucrose synthase; sucrose metabolism; expression pattern

中图分类号:

S664.9

郭春苗, 朱正阳, 木巴热克·阿尤普, 许娟, 肖丽, 龚鹏, 杨波. 扁桃蔗糖合成酶对幼果生理脱落的响应研究[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(11): 2012-2020.

GUO Chun-miao, ZHU Zheng-yang, Mubareke Ayoupu, XU Juan, XIAO Li, GONG Peng, YANG Bo. Response of the Sucrose Synthase (SuSy) to Physiological Fruit Shedding of Almond Young Fruit[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 55(11): 2012-2020.

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