关键词: 棉花秸秆; 还田方式; 生物炭; 产量

Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this experiment is to explore the effects of different returning ways of cotton straw to the field on the growth and yield of cotton in the hope of providing a 'prescription' for farmers and a scientific basis for technique of straw returning.【Method】6 treatments were designed,under the field cultivation condition, respectively: 1. CK: NPK + straw removing; 2. S: NPK + straw returning; 3. M: NPK + manure (1.5 t/667 m²); 4. 1.5Bc: NPK + biochar (1.5 t/667 m²); 5. MBc: NPK + biochar + manure (respectivily,1.5 t/667 m²); 6. 3.0Bc: NPK + biochar (3.0 t/667 m²). Growth indicators, yield and biomass of cotton, and indicators of soil were determined at the later stage of cotton growth.【Result】Compared with straw removal of (CK), the plant height, stem diameter, leaf length and leaf width of cotton plant were increased by 8.89%, 11.86%, 11.82% and 11.39% respectively. The yield was increased by the combination of organic fertilizer and carbonization, which were 43.06% and 37.01%, respectively, followed by 1.5Bc and 3.0Bc, both of which significantly increased cotton yield by 18.15% and 30.25%, respectively. The dry matter accumulation of aboveground part was increased by 3.0t carbonization treatment, and reached 34.94%. The direct pulverization of straw was the biggest increase in underground area, which was 62.92%. The increase of saturated water content and field water capacity and the decrease of soil bulk density in 3.0tBc treatment were 11.03%, 10.02% and 4.77%, respectively.【Conclusion】In conclusion, Returning organic fertilizer to field, carbonization and its combined application can effectively promote cotton growth, increase cotton dry matter accumulation, increase yield and improve soil properties.

Key words: cotton straw; biochar; cotton; yield ;  ;